북미 셰일오일 개발기술 동향
Technology Trends of Shale Oil Development in North America
1
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구는 최근 북미지역을 중심으로 개발붐이 불고 있는 셰일오일 개발기술동향에 대해 분석하였다. 먼저 북미지역의 셰일오일의 부존 현황과 그 특성에 대해 개략적으로 기술하였다. 수평정 시추와 다단계 수압파쇄는 성공적 셰일오일 개발을 위한 필수 기술이다. 따라서 현재 다단계 수압파쇄를 위한 유정완결법인 plugand-perf 법과 ball-activated frac-sleeve 법에 대해 분석하고 셰일 저류층에서 다가지 수평정의 적용기법에 대해 조사하였다. 균열구간 선정, 균열지지체(proppant)와 파쇄유체의 선택 등 다단계 수압파쇄의 인자분석에 대해 기술하고, 셰일 저류층의 취성도(brittleness)에 따른 파쇄전략 및 균열생성 결과에 대해 분석하였다. 또한, 수압파쇄의 효율성 평가에 사용되는 파쇄 후 평가기법에 대해 기술하였으며, 끝으로 이해를 돕기 위해 북미 셰일오일 개발 사례연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에 소개된 기술 개념과 방법론들은 향후 국내기업의 해외 셰일오일 개발전략 수립에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
In this paper, technology trends of shale oil development which is currently booming in North America are studied. First, the characteristics and current state of shale oil resources are described. Horizontal well and multistage hydraulic fracturing are the key elements for commercial development of shale oil. Therefore, both of the plug-and-frac and ball-activated frac-sleeve method are analyzed as the type of well completion, and the applicability of multilateral wells for shale reservoirs are investigated. The key parameters for the multistage hydraulic fracturing are analyzed in terms of fracturing interval, proppants, and fracturing fluids. Fracturing strategies according to the brittleness of the shale reservoir, their resultant fractures, and post-frac evaluation techniques are also described. For better understanding of the analysis, a case study is carried out for one of the representative shale oil developments in North America. The important concepts and methodologies introduced in this paper will be beneficial to domestic companies trying to establish the strategy for the overseas shale oil development.
참고문헌 (28)
- "The Source for Hydraulic Fracture Characterization,Oilfield Review" (2005)[URL]
- Centurion, S., "Eagle Ford Shale: Hydraulic Fracturing, Completion, and Production Trends: part II", SPE 158501 presented at SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, USA (2012)
- Cipolla, C.L., "Diagnostic Techniques to Understand Hydraulic Fracturing: What? Why? and How?", SPE Production and Operations, 17(1), pp.23~35 (2002)
- Daneshy, A., "Hydraulic Fracturing of Horizontal Wells: Issues and Insights", SPE 140134 presented at SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition, Woodlands, Texas, USA (2011)
- Detring, J.P., "Using Microseismicity to Understand Subsurface Fracture Systems and Increase the Effectiveness of Completions: Eagle Ford Shale, TX", SPE 162845 presented at SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (2012)
- Durst, D.G., "Discrete Fracturing of a Deep, unconventional Shale Play Using Multilateral Technology", paper SPE 152196 presented at SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition (2012)
- "Energycentral" (2012)[URL]
- 김용식, "마르셀러스 셰일의 지질학적 특징 및 셰일가스 개발전략", 한국자원공학회지, 48(3), pp.371~382 (2011), 한국자원공학회
- 황세호, "비전통 자원 Shale play에 대한 물리검층 기술 동향", 한국자원공학회지, 49(2), pp.248~260 (2012), 한국자원공학회[DOI]
- Johnson, C.C., "Advances in Openhole Packer", Sleeve Completions Coupled With Multilaterals Provide Cost-Effective Solutions, 2010, ~
- 고재홍, "미국 텍사스 주 포트워스 분지의 바넷 셰일 가스 시스템", 한국자원공학회지, 44(5), pp.455~473 (2007), 한국자원공학회
- Lantz, T., "Refracture Treatments Proving Successful In Horizontal Bakken Wells; Richland Co, MT", SPE 108117 presented at Rocky Mountain Oil and Gas Technology Symposium, Denver, Colorado, USA (2007)
- 이계정, "캐나다 혼리버 지역 셰일가스정의 최적 완결 프로그램 설계를 위한 간섭현상 분석 연구", 한국자원공학회지, 49(3), pp.292~298 (2012), 한국자원공학회[DOI]
- 이계정, "캐나다 혼리버 셰일가스전내 가스정의 RTA 분석을 통한 가스정 생산성 예측", 한국자원공학회지, 49(6), pp.807~814 (2012), 한국자원공학회
- McDaniel, B.W., "Conductivity Testing of Proppants at High Temperature and Stress", paper SPE 15067 presented at 56th California Regional Meeting (1986)
- McDaniel, B.W., "Horizontal Wells with Multi-Stage Fracs Provide Better Economics for Many Lower Permeability Reservoirs", paper SPE 133427 presented at SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition (2010)
- Mullen, J., "Lessons Learned Developing the Eagle Ford Shale", presented at SPE Tight Gas Completions Conference (2010)
- Potential of North American Unconventional Oil Resources, "NPC", 84~101 (2011)
- O'Brien, D. G., "Using Real-Time Downhole Microseismic To Evaluate Fracture Geometry for Horizontal Packer-Sleeve Completions in the Bakken Formation, Elm Coulee Field, Montana", SPE Production & Operations, 27(1) (2012)
- Rankin, R., "Improved Production and Profitability Achieved With Superior Completions in Horizontal Wells: A Bakken", Three Forks Case History, 2010, ~
- Rickman, R., "A Practical Use of Shale Petrophysics for Stimulation Design Optimization: All Shale Plays Are Not Clones of the Barnett Shale", SPE 115258 presented at SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, USA (2008)
- 신창훈, "셰일가스 개발 핵심기술 조사 및 분류", 한국자원공학회지, 49(3), pp.395~410 (2012), 한국자원공학회[DOI]
- 신창훈, "셰일가스 세계 분포현황 및 산업동향", 한국자원공학회지, 49(4), pp.571~589 (2012), 한국자원공학회
- Stegent, N.A., "Comparison of Frac Valves vs. Plug-and-Perf Completion in the Oil Segment of the Eagle Ford Shale: A Case Study", SPE 148642 presented at SPE Canadian Unconventional Resources Conference, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (2011)
- Stegent, N. A., "Engineering Approach to Optimize Development Strategy in the Oil Segment of the Eagle Ford Shale", SPE 158846 presented at SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, USA (2012)
- Vincent, M. C, "Restimulation of Unconventional Reservoirs: When are Refracs Beneficial?", SPE 136757 presented at Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference, Alberta, Canada (2010)
- Vincent, M.C, "Restimulation of Unconventional Reservoirs: When are Refracs Beneficial?", J. of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 50(5), pp.36~52 (2011)
- Westgard, D, "Multilateral TAML Levels Reviewed, Slightly Modified", J. of Petroleum Technology, 54(9), pp.24~26 (2002)