CO2 배출에 대한 경제자유지수, 재생에너지 발전율, 에너지 소비량과 GDP의 영향력 분석
An Analysis on the Influence of Economic Freedom Index, Renewable Energy Generation Ratio, Energy Consumption and GDP on CO2 Emission
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
파리 협정의 채택으로 전 세계적으로 CO2 감축의 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 또한 2013년부터는 경제성장과 CO2 배출 사이의 탈동조화현상이 나타나기 시작했다. 이러한 상황에 주목하여 경제성장뿐 아니라 다른 변수의 CO2 배출에 대한 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 1인당 CO2 배출량에 대해 경제자유지수, 재생에너지 발전율, 1인당 에너지 소비량 및 GDP가 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 패널 데이터를 활용하여 실증 분석하였다. 분석기간은 2005년부터 2013년까지이며 총 111개 국가를 대상으로 패널 분석을 수행하였다. 모든 설명변수를 사용한 모형(Model 1), 1인당 에너지 소비량을 제외한 모형(Model 2), 1인당 GDP를 제외한 모형(Model 3)의 3가지 모형으로 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, Model 2에서만 경제자유지수가 유의한 값을 보였다. 재생에너지 발전율은 모든 모형에서 CO2 배출과 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였으며, GDP 및 에너지 소비량의 경우 검토한 모든 모형에서 CO2 배출과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다.
Abstract
The importance of reducing CO2 emissions worldwide has increased after adopting the Paris Agreement. The decoupling between economic growth and CO2 emissions is also observed from 2013. In view of this situation we wanted to analyze the effect of other variables on CO2 emissions as well as economic growth. In this study we used panel data to analyze the effect of economic freedom index, renewable energy generation rate, per capita energy consumption and GDP on per capita CO2 emissions. For the panel analysis, we used panel data from 2005 to 2013 in 111 countries. Three models were investigated: including all variables (Model 1), excluding energy consumption (Model 2), and excluding GDP (Model 3). As results, the economic freedom index was only significant in Model 2. Renewable energy generation rate showed meaningful as negative correlation with CO2 emissions. GDP and energy consumption showed significant positive correlations in all models.
참고문헌 (24)
- Apergis, N., "Renewable energy consumption and economic growth: Evidence from a panel of OECD countries", Energy Policy, 19(1), pp.656~660 (2009)
- Political and Economic freedom and the Environment: The case of CO2 Emissions, "Carlsson, F.", Department of Economics, Goreborg University, 1~21, pp.Working Paper in Economics no 29 (2000)
- Cebual, R. J., "The impact of economic freedom on per capita real GDP: A study of OECD nations", The Journal of Regional Analysis & Policy, 43(1), pp.34~41 (2013)
- 조상민, "Causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth: comparison between developed and less-developed countries", Geosystem Engineering, 18(6), pp.284~291 (2015), 한국자원공학회
- Chontanawat, J., "Causality between Energy Counsumption and GDP: Evidence from 30OECD and 78 Non-OECD Countries", Journal of Policy Modeling, 30(2), pp.209~220 (2006)
- Dawson, J. W., "Causality in the freedom-growth relationship", European Journal of Political Economy, 19(3), pp.479~495 (2003)
- DIW Econ, "Turning point: Decoupling Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Economic Growth", pp.32~ (2015), Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
- Farhani, S., "Renewable Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from selected MENA Countries", Energy Economics Letters, 1(2), pp.24~41 (2013)
- Farhani, S., "Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from Panel Data for MENA Region", International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2(2), pp.71~81 (2012)
- Gwartney, J., "Economic freedom and the environment for economic growth", Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 155(4), pp.643~663 (1999)
- Hadri, K., "Testing for stationarity in heterogeneous panel data", Econometrics Journal, 3(2), pp.148~161 (2000)
- "World Energy Balances 2015, International Energy Agency" (2015)[URL]
- IEA, "World Energy Outlook 2015", OECD, 2015, pp.700~
- Im, K. S., "Testing for unit roots in heterogenous panels", Journal of Econometrics, 115(1), pp.53~74 (2003)
- 정용훈, "한국의 CO2 배출, 경제성장 및 에너지믹스와의 관계 분석", 자원환경경제연구, 21(2), pp.271~299 (2012), 한국환경경제학회
- 이병기, "경제자유, 규제와 경제성장", 규제연구, 17(2), pp.3~25 (2008), 한국규제학회
- Lee, C., "Energy consumption and GDP in developing countries: A cointegrated panel analysis", Enegy Economics, 27(3), pp.415~427 (2005)
- Levin, A., "Unit root tests in panel data: Asymptotic and finite-sample properties", Journal of Econometrics, 108(1), pp.1~24 (2002)
- Maddala, G.S., "A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test", Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 61(S1), pp.631~652 (1999)
- Min, I., "STATA Panel Data Analysis", The Korea Journal of Stata, pp.284~ (2009)
- Trends in Global CO2 emissions: 2015 report, "Olivier, J. G. J.", European commission, Research Centre (JRC), Directorate C-Energy, Transport and Climate PBL, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, 78~, pp.report, 1803 (2015)
- Silva, S., "The impact of renewable energy sources on economic growth and CO2emissions-a SVAR approach", European Research Studies, 15(4), pp.133~144 (2012)
- 2013 Index of Economic freedom, "Terry M.", The Heritage Foundation, 494~ (2013)
- World Bank, "World Development Indicator 2016", data.worldbank. org, world-development-indicators, pp.2016, ~