캐나다 앨버타 SAGD 운영광구들의 석유암반공학적 특성과 SAGD 생산성 및 저류층 조건간의 상관성 연구
Correlations between Geomechanical Effects, SAGD Performance, and Reservoir Conditions in SAGD Operations in Alberta, Canada
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초록
증기중력배유법(steam-assisted gravity drainage, SAGD)은 캐나다 오일샌드를 생산하기 위해 가장널리 사용되는 지하회수기법이며, 저류층에 고온의 스팀을 주입하여 비튜멘의 점성도를 낮춰 오일을 생산한다. 스팀 주입압력을 높여 운영 시 미고결 사암 저류층의 석유암반공학적 특성을 변형시켜 덮개암 안전성을 위협하고 지표융기 현상을 발생시키지만, 저류층의 투과도를 증가시켜 오일생산성이 증진되는 효과가 있다. 이 연구에서는 캐나다 앨버타 지역 내 6개 SAGD 운영광구의 연간지표융기 변화율과 저류층 조건 및 운영조건, SAGD 생산성 간의 상관성 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 좋은 SAGD 생산성을 가지는 광구가 얇은 덮개암 두께, 얕은 저류층 깊이, 낮은 안전율 적용 그리고 HP-SAGD로 운영될 경우 심각한 덮개암 안전성 문제를 야기할 수 있음을 파악하였다.
Abstract
The SAGD process is one of the most popular in-situ recovery methods used to produce oil from oil sands in Alberta, Canada. This process reduces the viscosity of bitumen by injecting high-temperature steam to produce oil. The geomechanical effects of unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs due to high injection pressures may threaten the caprock integrity and cause surface heave. However, the geomechanical effect increases oil productivity owing to the enhanced permeability in the reservoir. This study examined the correlation between reservoir conditions, operating conditions, SAGD performance, and annual surface heave rate of six SAGD projects in Alberta, Canada. The correlation study indicates that SAGD operations with high productivity can cause severe problems in caprock integrity for thin caprocks, shallow reservoir depth, low safety factor, and HP-SAGD.
참고문헌 (17)
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