Comparative Study of Presidential Influence on Policy-Making Process in Korea : Considering Ideological Stance and Democratization
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Since 1998, as democracy has been consolidated, South Korean president came from the progressive camp twice, and current President Lee Myung-bak was elected from the conservative camp. When President Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun, who had criticized the authoritarian policy-making pattern of the former governments, were in office, the opposition party criticized their arbitrary personnel policy and undemocratic top-down decision making process. After President Lee came into office, however, the opposition party has criticized him with the same reason. This study examined the difference between the presidents according to their ideological stance and examined four important factors related with presidential policy-making process. The findings show that there was little difference among the presidents from each ideological camps in their personnel policy and the level of democratic decision-making pattern. However, it finds that public support for the president and the president’s cooperative relations with the ruling party have great influence on the major policy-making and implementing process.
Abstract
Since 1998, as democracy has been consolidated, South Korean president came from the progressive camp twice, and current President Lee Myung-bak was elected from the conservative camp. When President Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun, who had criticized the authoritarian policy-making pattern of the former governments, were in office, the opposition party criticized their arbitrary personnel policy and undemocratic top-down decision making process. After President Lee came into office, however, the opposition party has criticized him with the same reason. This study examined the difference between the presidents according to their ideological stance and examined four important factors related with presidential policy-making process. The findings show that there was little difference among the presidents from each ideological camps in their personnel policy and the level of democratic decision-making pattern. However, it finds that public support for the president and the president’s cooperative relations with the ruling party have great influence on the major policy-making and implementing process.
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