교사의 정서지능과 자기 효능감에 따른 심리적 소진의 차이
The Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy on Teachers' Burnout
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본 연구는 교사의 정서지능과 자기 효능감이 스트레스 과정에서 중요한 변인으로 다루어지는 이유를 심리적 소진과의 관계 속에서 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 교사 254명을 대상으로 정서지능과 자기효능감, 심리적 소진 조사를 실시하였다. 주요 변인들 간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 Pearson 상관 분석을 실시하였고, 심리적 소진에 미치는 독립변인들의 영향을 알아보기 위해 이원변량 분석을 하였다. 또한 정서지능과 자기 효능감이 심리적 소진에 미치는 영향을 회귀분석을 통하여 알아보았다. 먼저 각 변인들의 상관관계를 살펴본 결과, 정서지능과 자기효능감, 정서지능과 심리적 소진 그리고 자기 효능감과 심리적 소진이 유의한 상관을 보였다. 이를 바탕으로 정서지능과 자기 효능감이 심리적 소진에 미치는 주효과와 정서지능과 자기효능감 간의 상호 작용이 심리적 소진에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한 정서지능과 자기 효능감이 심리적 소진을 예측해 줄 수 있는지를 알아보았다. 그 결과 정서지능과 자기효능감의 수준이 높고 낮음에 따라 심리적 소신에 있어서 차이를 보였다. 그러나 정서 지능 수준과 자기효능감 수준의 상호작용효과는 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과 정서지능과 자기 효능감은 심리적 소진에 중요한 영향을 미치는 개인차 변인임을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 교사의 스트레스와 관련된 상담의 효과적인 개입에 대한 시사점과 본 연구의 제한점 및 후속 연구를 위한 제언에 대한 논의가 이루어졌다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy on burnout. Data were collected from 254 teachers, used by EIS, Self-efficacy inventory, MBI. The result showed significant positive correlations between emotional intelligence and self-efficacy, whereas significant negative correlations between emotional intelligence and burnout, self-efficacy and burnout. Analysis of Factorial Design was conducted to examine the effects of level of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on Burnout. The result indicated that main effect of both the level of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy were significant. Those with high level of emotional intelligence had significantly lower level of burnout than those with low level of emotional intelligence. Those with high level of self-efficacy had significantly lower level of burnout than those with low level of self-efficacy. However, there was no interaction effect between level of emotional intelligence and level of self-efficacy on burnout. In the result, emotional intelligence and self-efficacy that was the important and individual factors affecting on burnout was confirmed through this study. Based on these results, implications of the effect of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on burnout were discussed. Limitations of this study and the suggestions were offered for future research.
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