예비 초등교사의 인지양식 유형에 따른 학습전략과 자기결정성 동기와의 관계
Relationship between Learning Strategies and Motivation for Self-determination Depending on Cognitive Styles in Pre-Service Elementary Teachers Depending on Cognitive Style
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 예비 초등교사의 장독립적-장의존적 인지양식에 따라 학습전략과 자기결정성 동기간에 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 조사하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 먼저, 예비 초등교사를 인지양식별로 구분하고, 자기결정성의 정도에 따라 동기를 지식추구 동기, 지적성취 동기, 지적자극추구 동기, 동일체 동기, 내적강요 동기, 외적강요 동기, 무동기의 일곱 유형으로 세분화하여 각 인지양식별로 학습전략과의 관계를 조사하였다. 연구결과, 장독립적 예비 초등교사들은 지적자극추구 동기와 동일체 동기가 더 높고 무동기가 낮을수록, 장의존적 예비 초등교사들은 지적성취 동기가 높고 무동기가 더 낮을수록 학습전략을 더 자주 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 동기를 자기결정성에 따라 세분화하려는 자기결정성 동기 이론의 개념화를 지지할 뿐만 아니라 예비 초등교사들은 인지양식과 상관없이 학습전략을 사용할 때, 자기결정성이 높은 동기에 의해서 영향 받는다는 것을 제시한다. 또한 같은 내재적 동기라 하더라도 장독립적-장의존적 인지양식에 따라 학습전략의 사용에 영향을 미치는 동기 유형이 다르다는 것도 제시한다. 이러한 본 연구의 결과는 초등교사의 전문성과 능력을 신장시키기 위한 효율적인 교사양성 교수방법이나 교육과정 설계 및 개발에 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between learning strategies and motivation for self-determination in pre-service elementary teachers depending on cognitive style: field-independent or field-dependent. Learning strategies were measured by the three variables of total, cognitive strategy use, and self-regulation. Motivation for self-determination was measured by the seven variables of intrinsic motivation (IM) to know, IM to accomplish, IM to experience stimulation, identified regulation, interjected regulation, external regulation, and amotivation. Results of multiple regression analysis indicated that IM to experience stimulation and identified regulation positively affected the learning strategies of the field-independent pre-service elementary teachers. IM to accomplish positively affected the learning strategies of the field-dependent pre-service elementary teachers.
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