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제3자 물류를 위한 수리모형 분석

Mathematical Modeling Issues for third-Party Logistics Providers

고현정|박병인
한국로지스틱스학회 (Korea Logistics Society)|2005.06|로지스틱스연구 (Korean Journal of Logistics)|제13권 제1호|pp. 41-82

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reverse logisticsmathematical models수리모형제3자 물류순방향물류역 물류third party logisticsforward logistics
주제분류경영학

초록

기업의 국제경쟁이 격심해짐에 따라 공급사슬에 있는 모든 기업간의 협력관계가 더욱 중요해지고 있다. 특히, 제품을 생산자로부터 고객에게 전달하는 과정을 지원하는 제3자 물류기업(third party logistics providers)이 등장하였는데, 동 기업은 보유한 전문장비와 정보시스템을 활용하여 고객의 제품운송과 보관 업무를 지원하는 역할을 수행한다. 이에 기업은 고객이 원하는 시간과 장소에 안전하고 효율적으로 제품을 공급할 수 있게 되었다. 이러한 제3자 물류기업은 기업과 일반인을 대상으로 다양한 서비스를 제공하는데, 계약기간 다양하다는 서비스의 특징이 있다. 제3자 물류기업의 네트워크는 제품이나 서비스를 특정 기업으로부터 소비자들에게 전달하는 순방향물류(forward logistics)와 소비자들로부터 제품을 수거하여 특정기업으로 되돌려 주는 역 물류(reverse logistics), 그리고 이를 결합한 통합물류(integrated logistics)를 포함한다. 이와 같은 제3자 물류기업은 동적인 기업 환경 하에서 공급사슬의 통합을 효율적으로 지원하기 위한 다양한 의사결정 상황에 직면하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 제3자 물류기업이 직면하는 이와 같은 주요 의사결정 문제를 장기, 중기, 그리고 단기적 측면에서 분석하였다.

Abstract

The competitive business environment of today has resulted in increasing cooperation among individual companies as members of a supply chain. Accordingly, third party logistics providers(3PLs) must operate supply chains for a number of different clients who want to improve their logistics operations for both forward and reverse flows. As these 3PLs are playing an increasing role in the management of supply chains, this paper addresses the key decisions associated with this management. The decisions can be divided into three categories: strategic, tactical, and operational decisions. The strategic level of decisions involves the design of a distribution network for supporting various clients. Such networks may involve forward logistics as well as reverse logistics. The tactical level of decisions involves the assignment of clients to appropriate facilities and the design of those facilities which involve issues selected to layout design, slotting, and information technology. The operational level of decisions is concerned with daily operations such as batching, picking, and delivery in order to meet clients’ requirements. This paper reviews the existing studies relevant to strategic, tactical, and operational levels.

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