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제약회사 영업사원의 교환관계 인식이 관계몰입 및 관계성과에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Exchange Relations of Pharmaceutical Salespeople on Relationship Commitment and Performance

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제약 유통산업은 다른 업종에 비해 영업사원에 대한 의존도가 크고 그에 따라 영업조직에 대한 관리와 통제가 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 제약회사 영업사원이 근무환경에서 지각하는 세 가지 주요 교환관계-상사(LMX), 팀(TMX), 고객(CMX)에 대한 인식이 일차적으로 고객에 대한 관계몰입에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 검토하고 나아가 관계몰입이 영업성과와 고객성과와 같은 관계성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 검토하였다. 아울러, 영업사원의 유연성이 세 가지 주요 교환관계와 관계몰입 사이에서 미칠 수 있는 조절효과를 검증하였다. 국내외 제약회사 영업사원 297명의 설문 분석 결과, 제약회사 영업사원의 세 가지 인적교환관계 중 고객과 종업원 교환관계만이 관계몰입에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 관계몰입은 영업성과와 고객성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 영업사원의 유연성은 팀-종업원관계에서만 유의미한 정(+)의 조절효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 고객-종업원 관계에서는 오히려 부(-)의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대안모형으로 세 가지 교환관계가 영업성과와 고객성과에 미치는 직접효과를 검증하였으나, 직접효과는 고객-종업원관계만이 유의미한 효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 다른 관계들은 효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 제약 유통채널에서 관계몰입의 매개적 역할을 확인할 수 있었으며, 다른 연구들과는 달리 제약 유통채널에서는 다른 교환관계보다 고객-종업원 관계가 가장 중요한 교환관계임을 밝히고 있다.

Abstract

Pharmaceutical distribution is more dependent on salespeople than other industries, so it is very important for these companies to manage and control sales organizations. This study examines how the perceptions of the three main interchange relationship, leader-member exchange(LMX), team-member exchange(TMX), and customer-member exchange(CMX), perceived by salespeople in pharmaceutical companies affects relationship commitment on customers and then examines how relationship commitment has effect on relationship performance such as sales performance and customer performance. In addition, the flexibility of salespeople verifies the moderating effects of the three main exchanges and relationship commitment. As a result of the analysis of 297 salespeople of domestic and foreign pharmaceutical companies, only CMX has a significant positive influence on the relationship commitment and relationship commitment on customers has a positive effect o both sales performance and customer performance. Flexibility has a positive moderating effect only between TMX and relationship commitment, but unexpectedly, it has a negative moderating effect between the CMX and relationship commitment. As an alternative model, the authors verify the direct effect of the three exchange relations on sales performance and customer performance, however, direct effect was found to have a positive effect only between CMX and sales performance. This study confirms the mediating role of relationship commitment in the pharmaceutical distribution channels and it shows that CMX is the most important exchange relationship in the pharmaceutical distribution channel than other exchange relations.

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