DEA-SBM 모형을 활용한 국내외 물류기업의 재무 효율성 분석

Abstract

The domestic logistics industry has a low level of operational efficiency and management maturity compared to global logistics companies, and it is necessary to specialize and systematize key operations to drive business expansion and growth. Therefore, this study divided the domestic logistics companies into 4 groups by sector and 3 groups by size, and added global logistics companies to analyze efficiency using the DEA-SBM (Slack Based Model) based on meaningful and objective indicators from financial statements. The efficiency analysis of all 58 logistics companies from 2013 to 2022 showed an upward trend for domestic comprehensive logistics service companies and trucking companies, a flat trend for freight forwarding companies, and a downward trend for warehousing companies. Overall, domestic logistics companies have not reached an adequate level of efficiency in terms of outputs relative to inputs. On the other hand, the relative efficiency of global logistics companies shows a stable trend, but the overall distribution of inefficiencies is much lower than that of domestic logistics companies, indicating that they are operating efficiently. Through this study, Korean logistics companies have identified the need for more active policy support from the government along with their own efforts to improve competitiveness and structural reforms. In addition, both domestic and foreign logistics companies have experienced fluctuations in efficiency before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, however, it is necessary to benchmark domestic logistics companies against the low efficiency fluctuations and rapid improvement results of global logistics companies through digital transformation, logistics system improvement using A.I. and Big Data, and Logistics & Supply Chain improvement processes such as customer contact response management.