DEA를 활용한 포워딩 업체의 효율성분석에 관한 연구

Abstract

An analysis of the efficiency of 15 forwarding companies, including Samsung Electronics Logitech, Hyupjin Shipping, and Hyosung Transformers, was conducted based on data from 2009 to 2014. These companies were assessed in terms of CCR, BCC, and scale efficiency, and were found to be operating under an appropriately efficient scale. This study aims to determine the operating conditions by analyzing the effectiveness of existing domestic forwarding companies, which has not been studied before, and provide suggestions for improving the operational efficiency of forwarding companies in Korea. The average efficiency in terms of CCR for the year 2014 was found to be 0.75, which is a low level that indicates over-commitment and inefficiency. The operating expenses and employee capital generation in operational terms exhibited inefficiencies attributable to scale, which had a value of 0.86. The analysis showed that the top three manufacturers need to reduce RTS size in accordance with DRS, which is a sub-group of six companies. Moreover, the operational efficiency of all forwarding companies should be improved and expanded to achieve the appropriate scale according to the IRS. In addition, the SBM-DEA model was applied to the top 15 forwarding companies to measure the inefficiency of inputs in 2014, based on capital, overall number of employees, and operating expense, which require reductions of 30%, 36%, and 19%, respectively. Such reductions are apparently capable of improving the current inefficiency. Forwarding companies operating in the employee’s ability to significantly influence operating revenue inefficiency requires effective management of human resources identified areas, and in terms of non-operating expenses were also able to verify the effective accounts receivable management and foreign currency transactions management is required. As this study considered the sales of only the top 15 companies, the operational efficiency of small and medium-sized forwarding companies was not analyzed. Moreover, the network of partnerships and the agency contracts on which the sales are based were not considered. In the future, variables such as employee careers, cargo throughput, number of network transactions, and number of large customers, which reflect the characteristics of forwarding companies, should be examined. Additional research should also be conducted to account for the factors influencing the establishment of long-term contracts. In addition, we need to grasp each enterprise's internal management capabilities and additional variables that affect the management efficiency and are in need of systematic and practical research.