프랜차이즈 가맹점의 의견표현과 갈등에 대한 가맹본사의 관계파괴요인의 영향: 거래특유투자의 조절효과를 중심으로
The Effects of Franchiser's Relationship-Destroying Factors on Franchisee's Voice and Conflict: Focused on Moderating Effects of Transaction Specific Investment
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본 연구는 관계파괴 요인인 법적탄원과 위협이 의견표현 차원인 건설적 토의와 표출을 매개로 갈등에 어떻게 상이하게 영향을 미치는지를 파악하고, 갈등을 감소시키기 위해 필요한 기업의 관계관리 메커니즘을 살펴보기 위한 것이다. 국내 프랜차이즈 산업을 배경으로 하여 구매업체인 가맹점과 공급업체인 본사의 관계에서 가맹점의 관점을 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하여 실증분석을 하였다. 샘플들은 국내 외식프랜차이즈 산업에서 규모가 큰 85개의 본사들 각각에 소속되어 있는 가맹점들 중에서 177개의 가맹점들을 대상으로 하였다. 구조방정식 모형 분석을 통해 가설을 검증한 결과, 가설에서의 예상과 같이 표출을 증가시키는 위협의 영향력은 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 갈등을 감소시키는 건설적 토의와 갈등을 증가시키는 표출의 영향력 모두가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 건설적 토의를 감소시키는 법적탄원과 위협의 영향력과 표출을 증가시키는 법적탄원의 영향력은 나타나지 않았다. 또한 본 연구에서는 관계파괴 요인과 의견표현 차원 간 영향관계에서 거래특유투자의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 그 결과, 표출을 증가시키는 위협의 영향력을 거래특유투자가 강화하는 것으로 나타난 반면, 건설적 토의를 감소시키는 법적탄원의 영향력을 거래특유투자가 완화하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로, 본 연구의 이론적 의의와 관리적 시사점들이 논의되었고, 연구의 한계점들과 향후의 연구방향들이 제시되었다.
Abstract
While voice dimensions are core mediating variables in the context of relationship-destroying factors of franchiser in relationship with franchisee and the conflict of franchisees, there have been limited studies which explore as to how each of the voice dimension has affects differently. The basic purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between franchiser and its franchisees. The main purpose of this study is to examine how each different dimension of franchisee’s voice(constructive discussion, venting) has different mediating effects between the relationship-destroying factors(legalistic plea, threat) and conflict perceived by franchisees. Another purpose is to investigate the moderating effects of franchisee’s transaction specific investment on the causal relationship between relationship-destroying factors and voice dimensions. An empirical study surveying 177 franchisee owner at 85 sizable franchisers in Korea was conducted. An analysis of the collected data indicates that while threat of franchiser has a positive influence on franchisee’s conflict through the mediating role of venting of franchisee, constructive of franchisee has a negative influence on franchisee’s conflict. This analysis also indicates that franchisee’s transaction specific investment has a positive moderating effect on the causal relationship between threat and venting. Finally, the authors discussed some theoretical contributions and managerial implications. And then, they presented limitations of this study and the future research directions.
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