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가상공간의 수업유형에 따른 아바타의 실제얼굴제시 여부가 사회적 실재감, 주의집중, 시선응시에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Presence of Face with Avatar on Social Presence and Attention in Virtual Reality Learning Environment

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참고문헌

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주제분류교육학

초록

이 연구는 가상 학습환경에서 수업유형과 실제얼굴제시 여부가 사회적 실재감, 주의집중, 시선응시에 미치는 영향을 확인한 것이다. 이를 위해서 강의형과 토론형으로 수업유형을 구분하였고, 아바타의 실제얼굴제시 유무에 따라 집단을 구분하였다. 실험참가자는 대학생 40명이였으며 실제얼굴제시 유무의 처치조건별로 20명씩 무선배치되었다. 처치조건에서 강의형과 토론형을 시청하는 동안 시선응시 시간을 수집하였으며, 영상을 시청한 후 사회적 실재감과 주의집중 설문을 실시하였다. 이 연구 결과는 첫째, 강의형 보다 토론형의 상호작용에서 참여자는 사회적 실재감을 더 높게 지각했다. 둘째, 토론형에서 실제 얼굴을 부여받지 않은 집단이 아바타를 더 오랜 시간 응시하였다. 이 연구는 가상 학습환경의 토론형에서 실제얼굴제시는 사회적 실재감을 높일 수 있다는 것을 확인했다. 이 연구는 가상 학습환경에서 수업유형과 얼굴 제시에 관한 수업 설계를 제안하였다. 이 연구를 통하여 가상학습 환경을 구현하는 다양한 조합과 유형을 제시할 수 있다.

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of class type and the presence of real faces in a virtual learning environment on social presence, attention concentration, and gaze fixation. The class types were categorized into lecture and discussion, and groups were differentiated based on realistic face images. Forty college students were assigned to conditions with or without presenting an actual image, 20 in each condition. During treatment, gaze fixation time was collected while watching a lecture or discussion, followed by surveys on social presence and attention concentration after viewing the videos. The results of this study indicated that first, participants perceived higher social presence in the discussion-style interaction than in the lecture-style. Secondly, in the discussion, the group without real faces assigned to avatars spent more time gazing at the avatars. This study confirmed that presenting real faces in the discussion-style virtual learning environment could enhance social presence. It proposed instructional designs related to class type and face presentation in virtual learning environments, suggesting various combinations and types that can be implemented in virtual learning environments.

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