Civic Engagement and Sustainable Cities: A Comparative Analysis of Five Cities in the United States
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Recent years have shown that sustainability has become a topic of much interest amongst the research community, all government levels, and concerned citizens throughout the world. This paper focuses primarily on the relationship of civic engagement with sustainability and the cities’programs. Several theories on civic engagement that may be applicable to what five American cities are accomplishing with their indicators such as: sustainability models with corresponding goals; direct citizen involvement; aggregative and deliberative decision-making; strategic planning for sustainability;and the relevance of social capital. The cities of Seattle, Jacksonville, Cleveland, Denver, and Santa Monica have incorporated civic engagement into their sustainable development plans by utilizing sustainability indicators. These indicators are divided into various areas that deal with the environment,education, health, arts, culture, recreation, economy, social well-being, government, transportation, and safety. Following the summary of the indicators used by the city programs is an analysis of the indicators in respect to civic engagement and discussion of indicators importance, social capital, and implications for the world to consider. Ultimately sustainability requires a commitment to be made by everyone concerned with the co-existence between humans and our planet to recognize that our actions today affect both the present and future generations.28
Abstract
Recent years have shown that sustainability has become a topic of much interest amongst the research community, all government levels, and concerned citizens throughout the world. This paper focuses primarily on the relationship of civic engagement with sustainability and the cities’programs. Several theories on civic engagement that may be applicable to what five American cities are accomplishing with their indicators such as: sustainability models with corresponding goals; direct citizen involvement; aggregative and deliberative decision-making; strategic planning for sustainability;and the relevance of social capital. The cities of Seattle, Jacksonville, Cleveland, Denver, and Santa Monica have incorporated civic engagement into their sustainable development plans by utilizing sustainability indicators. These indicators are divided into various areas that deal with the environment,education, health, arts, culture, recreation, economy, social well-being, government, transportation, and safety. Following the summary of the indicators used by the city programs is an analysis of the indicators in respect to civic engagement and discussion of indicators importance, social capital, and implications for the world to consider. Ultimately sustainability requires a commitment to be made by everyone concerned with the co-existence between humans and our planet to recognize that our actions today affect both the present and future generations.28
참고문헌 (16)
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