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또래 내 인기와 사회적 성취목표가 공격성에 미치는 영향: 성별 차이를 중심으로

The effects of popularity and social achievement goal on aggression: Focusing on the gender differences

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초록

이 연구에서는 초등학교 5,6학년 597명을 대상으로 또래 내 인기와 사회적 성취목표가 주도적 공격성과 반응적 공격성에 어떤 영향을 끼치는지, 또 이 영향이 성별로 다르게 나타나는지를 살펴보았다. 또래 지명 방식을 활용하여 아동의 인기 정도를 확인하였으며, 사회적 성취목표와 공격성은 자기보고 방식으로 측정하였다. 분석 결과 남학생은 지각된 인기가 평균이거나 낮을 경우 지위중심 수행접근목표가 높을수록 주도적 공격성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 여학생의 경우 인기 수준과 무관하게 지위중심 수행접근목표가 높을수록 주도적 공격성이 높았다. 둘째 남학생의 경우 사회 숙달 목표가 높을수록 주도적, 반응적 공격성이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 여학생의 경우 사회 숙달 목표와 주도적, 반응적 공격성 간의 관계가 유의하지 않았다. 끝으로 남학생의 경우 인기가 낮을 때 사회 수행 회피 목표가 높을수록 반응적 공격성이 낮아졌다. 이를 통해 아동기 공격성을 이해하기 위해서는 또래 내 지위와 사회적 성취목표를 종합적으로 고려하는 것이 중요함을 확인하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 가능한 교육적 개입에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

The current study investigated the effects of popularity and social achievement goal on proactive and reactive aggression. This study also examined gender differences in this relationship. Five hundred and ninety-seven 5th and 6th-grade elementary school students participated in this study. Peer nominated popularity, self-reported social achievement goal and aggression were analyzed. Results showed that in the case of male students, social popularity goal affected proactive aggression, especially when their peer nominated popularity was mean or low. Among female students, regardless of their popularity, social popularity goal affected proactive aggression. As social mastery goal increased, proactive and reactive aggression decreased, especially for boys. Lastly, low popularity male students ' reactive aggression was lower as their social performance avoidance goal was higher. Based on the results of this study, the possible educational intervention for reducing children's aggression was discussed.

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