태극권 운동이 여성치매노인의 인지기능 및 기능체력에 미치는 영향
Effect of tai chi exercise on cognition function and functional fitness in elderly women with dementia
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본 연구의 목적은 여성치매노인을 대상으로 12주간 태극권 운동이 인지기능 및 기능체력 향상에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 것이다. 65세 이상의 여성치매노인 및 운동군(SG) 20명, 대조군(CG) 20명으로 실시하였다. 운동군 20명은 태극권 운동을 하루 60분씩, 주 3일, 12주 동안 실시할 것이고 대조군 20명은 특별한 신체활동 없이 일상생활을 하였다. 1-6주 운동 강도는 RPE 10-11, 7-12주 RPE 12-13을 유지하였다. 모든 연구대상자는 실험 전과 후에 인지기능이 MMSE-K 설문지를 조사하고 기능체력이 SFT를 측정하였다. 그 결과, spss 버전 21.0을 사용할 것이며 two-way repeated ANOVA를 실시하고 독립 표본 t-검사와 대응표본 t-검사를 실시하여 검사하였다. 모든 통계학적 검사를 위한 유의수준은 =.05로 설정하였다. 또한 MMSE-K의 경우 운동군은 운동 후에 통계학적으로 유의한 변화가 있었으나, 대조군의 경우 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소하였고, 집단, 시기 및 상호작용에는 유의한 차이는 있었다. SFT의 경우 운동군은 운동 후에 의자에 앉아서 손 앞으로 뻗기, 6분간 걷기, 2.44m 왕복걷기에서 통계학적으로 유의한 변화가 있었으나, 대조군의 경우 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소하였고, 집단, 시기 및 상호작용에는 유의한 차이는 있었다. 운동군과 대조군의 경우 아래팔 구부리기, 30초간 의자에서 일어서기, 등 뒤에서 손잡기 검사에서는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 아래팔 구부리기는 집단, 시기 및 상호작용에는 유의한 차이는 있었다. 태극권 운동프로그램은 여성치매노인의 인지기능 및 기능체력 일부에 효과적이며, 장기간의 태극권 운동은 여성치매노인에게 일상생활에서 쉽게 실시할 수 있는 안전하고 효과적인 심신수련 운동이라고 사료된다.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Tai Chi on cognitive function and functional fitness in elderly women with dementia. METHODS: The subjects were 40 elderly women with dementia, aged over 65 years old. They were randomly divided into Tai Chi group(TG, n=20) or control group(CG, n=20). Tai Chi exercise was composed of 60 min/day, 3 days/week, for 12 weeks. The intensity of Tai Chi exercise was 10-11 RPE for week-1 to 6 and 12-13 RPE for week-7 to 12. Before and after Tai chi exercise training, Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea(MMSE-K) test and Senior Fitness Test(SFT) were performed to measure cognitive function and functional fitness, respectively. SPSS Ver. 21.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of Tai Chi exercise program, there was a significant interaction between group and time in MMSE-K(p<.001). TG significantly increased MMSE-K(p<.001), but CG did not. There were also significant interactions between group and time in arm curl (p=.028), chair sit-and-reach (p<.001), 6-min walking (p<.001), and 2.44 m up-and-go (p<.001). TG significantly improved chair sit-and-reach test(p<.001), 6-min walking test(p<.001), and 2.44 m up-and-go test(p<.001), but did not change others. In CG, however, arm curl(p<.001), 30-second chair stand(p=.028), back scratch(p=.01), chair sit-and-reach(p<.001), 6-min walking(p<.001), and 2.44 m up-and-go(p<.001) had gotten worse significantly. The change in MMSE-K was not related with the changes in any functional fitness. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that cognitive function and most of functional fitness in elderly women with dementia can be improved by Tai Chi exercise, but can become worse without exercise in even 12 weeks. Thus, it suggests that Tai Chi is a good exercise to be recommend to elderly women with dementia to improve their cognitive function as well as functional fitness.
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