어린이용품에 함유된 휘발성유기화합물의 비발암 위해성평가
Risk Assessment for Non-Cancer Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds in Children’s Products
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Background: This study was conducted to assess health risks in regard to exposure by children to volatileorganic compounds (VOCs) in children's products. Methods: Ten VOCs were measured by head-space gas chromatography in children's products, including toys,oil pastels, sign pens, furniture, ball pools, and playmats. We estimated the average daily dose (ADD) viainhalation during the use of these children's products and calculated hazard quotient (HQ) by dividing ADD byreference dose of VOCs. Results: Among the measured VOCs, five compounds were identified in children's products: benzene,ethylbenzene, styrene, toluene, and xylene. The detection rates of VOCs in toys, ball pools, furniture, playmats,sign pens, and oil pastels were 85%, 100%, 100%, 30%, 100%, and 60%, respectively. The maximum levels ofVOCs were 0.18 mg benzene/kg in toys, 5.92 mg toluene/kg in playmats, 10.37 mg ethylbenzene/kg in ballpools, 24.85 mg xylene/kg in toys, and 118.29 mg styrene/kg in ball pools. From exposure levels of VOCs inthe children’s products HQs were calculated within a range of 5.71×10-10 to 4.77×10-4. The HQ of xylene wasthe highest for children aged 0-6 playing on the playmats. However, the HQ via inhalation exposure to VOCsin individual products did not exceed 1.00. Conclusion: Based on the results, it was concluded that the use of these children’s products do not pose healthrisks to children.
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to assess health risks in regard to exposure by children to volatileorganic compounds (VOCs) in children's products. Methods: Ten VOCs were measured by head-space gas chromatography in children's products, including toys,oil pastels, sign pens, furniture, ball pools, and playmats. We estimated the average daily dose (ADD) viainhalation during the use of these children's products and calculated hazard quotient (HQ) by dividing ADD byreference dose of VOCs. Results: Among the measured VOCs, five compounds were identified in children's products: benzene,ethylbenzene, styrene, toluene, and xylene. The detection rates of VOCs in toys, ball pools, furniture, playmats,sign pens, and oil pastels were 85%, 100%, 100%, 30%, 100%, and 60%, respectively. The maximum levels ofVOCs were 0.18 mg benzene/kg in toys, 5.92 mg toluene/kg in playmats, 10.37 mg ethylbenzene/kg in ballpools, 24.85 mg xylene/kg in toys, and 118.29 mg styrene/kg in ball pools. From exposure levels of VOCs inthe children’s products HQs were calculated within a range of 5.71×10-10 to 4.77×10-4. The HQ of xylene wasthe highest for children aged 0-6 playing on the playmats. However, the HQ via inhalation exposure to VOCsin individual products did not exceed 1.00. Conclusion: Based on the results, it was concluded that the use of these children’s products do not pose healthrisks to children.
참고문헌 (18)
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