방사성물질에 의한 해양오염에 대한 국가책임 - 후쿠시마 원자력발전소 사고에 대한 일본의 국가책임을 중심으로-
A Study on the Ocean Pollution by Radioactive Materials in Environmental Law
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초록
The ocean pollution by radioactive materials leaked Fukushima nuclear plant cause by the transboundary environmental damage, that cause national responsibility problems. The radioactive material is leaking from the concrete cracks, so the accident is due to the professional negligence of Tokyo Electric Power Company. But recently, that discharge the low-level radioactive materials is wilful environmental pollution action, therefore that is state responsibility toward transboundary environmental damage. Because it is state action, and in breach of its obligations under the international law, and occurred environmental harms. However, Emission of radioactive matters in nuclear plant are violation of the treaty law. thus Japan’s state responsibility is accepted transboundary environmental damage under the customary international law. But state responsibility under the international law is proved the causal relationship between pollution action and other nation’s damage. And that is create diplomatic problems, not carry legal binding force. Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy and Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage are establish compensation system, but Korea and Japan are not treaty powers. Thus, international compensation system is probably the best safeguard against atomic accident.
Abstract
The ocean pollution by radioactive materials leaked Fukushima nuclear plant cause by the transboundary environmental damage, that cause national responsibility problems. The radioactive material is leaking from the concrete cracks, so the accident is due to the professional negligence of Tokyo Electric Power Company. But recently, that discharge the low-level radioactive materials is wilful environmental pollution action, therefore that is state responsibility toward transboundary environmental damage. Because it is state action, and in breach of its obligations under the international law, and occurred environmental harms. However, Emission of radioactive matters in nuclear plant are violation of the treaty law. thus Japan’s state responsibility is accepted transboundary environmental damage under the customary international law. But state responsibility under the international law is proved the causal relationship between pollution action and other nation’s damage. And that is create diplomatic problems, not carry legal binding force. Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy and Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage are establish compensation system, but Korea and Japan are not treaty powers. Thus, international compensation system is probably the best safeguard against atomic accident.
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