일본의 원전 오염수 방류 결정에 대한 문제점과 해결방안 연구

Abstract

On April 13, 2021, the Japanese government unilaterally decided to discharge nuclear polluted water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant into the ocean. The ocean discharge of nuclear polluted water from nuclear power plants in Japan not only causes radioactive contamination of the waters around Fukushima and the coastal marine environment, but also causes damage by inflow of radioactivity to the coasts of Korea and the entire Pacific Ocean, and serious problems such as changes in the marine ecosystem will also occur. Various countermeasures are being considered in response to Japan's decision to discharge nuclear polluted water from nuclear power plants, and it is possible to file a lawsuit with the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea(ITLOS) centering on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(UNCLOS), and to request for provisional measures if there is a possibility of serious damage and the urgency of the situation. This paper examine the problems of Japan's decision to discharge nuclear polluted water from nuclear power plants, review the meaning and main characteristics of international environmental disputes caused by marine environmental pollution, and review UNCLOS related regulations and precedents in preparation for litigation to draw implications. In order to solve the problem at the time when the discharge of nuclear polluted water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan is imminent, the first priority is to seek a judicial solution to file an ITLOS complaint and apply for provisional measures based on the UNCLOS, and at the same time, a joint cooperation system between Korea and Japan or the International community would like to suggest effective solutions such as diplomatic(non-judicial) solutions through.