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COVID-19 위기 거버넌스에 대한 시스템 접근

The Systems Approach to COVID-19 Crisis Governance

최문기
한국윤리학회 (The Korean Association of Ethics)|2021.09|倫理硏究 (Journal of Ethics)|제1권 제134호|pp. 313-336|DOI 10.15801/je.1.134.202109.313

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참고문헌

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systems approach글로벌 보건 거버넌스COVID-19 crisisCOVID-19 위기시스템 접근시스템 위기우리나라의 보건 거버넌스systemic crisisglobal health governanceKorea’s health governance
주제분류학제간연구

초록

세계가 긴밀하게 서로 연결되고 의존할수록 그만큼 더 취약성에 노출되기 쉽고, 그래서 생태계 파괴, 지구 온난화, 해수면 상승, 새로운 전염병, 경제 침체 같은 글로벌 위기에 직면할 가능성은 더 커진다. 그 중의 하나인 COVID-19 위기는 전 세계적으로 엄청난 인적 및 물적 피해를 양산하였고, 변이 바이러스로 진화하면서 갈수록 심각하게 위협하고 있다. 이러한 보건 위기 상황을 전체적 맥락에서 다루기 위해서는 ‘국내외 거버넌스’ 구축이 요구된다. 본 연구는 ‘시스템 접근’(systems approach)을 통해 COVID-19 위기를 다룰 수 있는 ‘보건 거버넌스’(health governance) 문제를 다루었다. 주요 내용은 1) COVID-19 위기가 본성상 ‘시스템 위기’임을 밝혔고, 2) 이를 다루기 위해서는 단순한 ‘위기-관리’(crisis-management) 접근이 아니라 근본적인 ‘시스템-회복’(systems- resilience)을 강화하는 접근이 필요함을 강조하였다. 3) 그리고 COVID-19 위기에 대처하기 위한 ‘글로벌 보건 거버넌스’ 강화 과제를 제시한 후, 4) 이를 ‘우리나라의 포괄적이고 민주적인 보건 거버넌스’ 강화에 적용해서 주요 과제를 탐구하였다.

Abstract

The characteristics of the world in the 21st century can be summarized as complexity and vulnerability. The closer the world is connected and dependent, the more vulnerable it is, and the more likely it is to face global crises such as ecosystem destruction, global warming, new infectious diseases and economic downturns. It is necessary to establish ‘global and domestic governance’ to cope with these crises in a holistic context. COVID-19 occurred in December 2019 caused a serious health crisis. It has been a year and a half, but it shows no signs of abating, and it is trapping daily lives by producing enormous human and material damage. It is evolving into new viruses which is several times more powerful. The purpose of this paper is to study health governance that can address the COVID-19 health crisis through systems approach. The main content is 1) that the COVID-19 crisis is a ‘systemic crisis’ in nature, and 2) that it needs an approach that strengthens the fundamental ‘systems-resilience’ rather than ‘crisis-management’ approach. 3) After presenting tasks to establish ‘global health governance’ related to legal and institutional as well as norm and value aspect to deal with the COVID-19 crisis, 4) apply them to ‘Korea’s comprehensive and democratic health governance’ and explore our major tasks.

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