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경제안보연계분석: 동아시아에 대한 적실성의 점검

Economy-Security Nexus: In Search of the Relevance to East Asia

김기석
극동문제연구소 (THE INSTITUTE FOR FAR EASTERN STUDIES)|2017.06|한국과 국제정치 (Korea and World Politics)|제33권 제2호|pp. 1-34|DOI 10.17331/kwp.2017.33.2.001

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동아시아East AsiaRegionalism갈등Conflict지역주의번영Prosperity경제안보연계분석분리형 아키텍처Economy-Security NexusArchitecture of Separation
주제분류정치외교학

초록

이 논문의 목적은 경제안보연계분석을 그 내용 및 동아시아에 대한 적실성과 유용성, 문제점, 개선방안 등에 초점을 맞춰 점검하는 것이다. 그동안 경제와 안보의 연계관계에 대한 오랜 이론적 관심에 비해 이를 동아시아 사례에 적용한 연구는 드물었다. 냉전기 동아시아에서 경제는 안보이슈의 하위영역으로 간주되었고, 탈냉전기에는 기능적 필요성 등을 이유로 분리되어 다루어졌다. 하지만 최근 역내 경제와 안보 이슈가 불균형상태 속에서도 점차 밀접히 연계되면서 경제번영과 안보의 상관관계에 대한 관심이 높아졌으며, 경제안보연계 접근법의 동아시아에 대한 적실성을 분석하여 그 잠재력을 점검하려 한다. 경제적 상호의존의 증가, 전쟁의 부재, 제한적 갈등이 공존하는 동아시아의 현상은 경제안보연계분석의 필요성을 증가시킨다. 그것은 미국 중심의 안보 아키텍처와 중국 중심의 경제 아키텍처의 공존 형태로 변형된 권력구조 속에서 동아시아 국가들이 경제번영과 역내평화의 동시 달성을 위한 대응전략 개발에도 필요하다. 특히 역내 중견국 중 미국의 동맹국이면서 중국과의 경제관계가 급속히 커지는 국가들, 즉 일본, 한국, 호주 등에 이 문제는 중대한 선택 혹은 보다 현명한 외교전략 수립의 필요성을 제기한다. 동아시아의 평화와 번영을 담보하려면 경제분야에서 이룩된 성과 특히 경제발전과 상호의존 그리고 협력의 규범과 제도적 틀, 습관, 이해, 인식 등을 정치안보분야로 확산시킬 방법을 모색해야 한다. 경제안보연계분석은 양자가 결합되는 인과적 메커니즘의 규명을 통해 경제영역의 성과를 안보영역으로 확산시킬 전략을 찾아내는 데 공헌할 잠재력을 가진다.

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine the economy-security nexus approach focusing on its contents, relevance to East Asia, its problems and improvement potentials. In fact, few studies have applied this approach to East Asian cases despite the prolonged theoretical interests in the linkage between economy and security. Recently, economic and security issues have tended to be linked to each other, and thus, the interests in the relationship between economic prosperity and security has increased, too. This study will examine the potentials of the approach for East Asian studies. The key argument of this paper is that the East Asian regional feature, i.e., the coexistence of increasing economic interdependence, the absence of war, and many limited conflicts, increases the need for economic-security nexus analyses. Especially to the regional middle powers such as Japan, South Korea, and Australia, who are ally of the U.S. with hiking economic interdependence with China, it is supposed to be a delicate but urgent concern. Economy-security nexus holds the potential to contribute to devise strategies to spill-over the performance of the economic sphere to the security issues by figuring out the causal mechanism that combines the two.

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