북한요인과 국내정치:1968년 북한요인의 영향을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper examines how the North Korean factor, 1968 influenced South Korean politics during the time period of 1968-72. South Korean politics since the establishment of the 1st Republic, which was supported by liberal democracy and anti-communism, was determined by the result of a vector-sum of the two orientations toward liberal democracy and anti-communism. In this period too this kind of South Korean political mechanism repeated itself. That which influenced the two vector degrees was the North Korean factor. The involvement of the North Korean factor in domestic politics, mobilized or actual expended the power of the regime and ruling party. On the other hand the power of the opposition bloc, opposition party and underground organizations weakened. From the perspective of the opposition bloc, assistance to the opposition was concluded with the collapse of the opposition. Especially crisis oriented actual North Korean factor influenced the state, political society and the recognition and preferences of civil society as well as power relations by fostering an atmosphere that emphasized security issues. Therefore, it limited the political cleavage that surrounds the democracy issue and influenced security, authoritarian policy, and institutional reform. Furthermore, it can be seen that through this policy and institutional change, authoritarianism was further carried out and in the end caused the change in the regime form known as Revitalizing Reform (Yooshin).