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한국인들은 어떤 민주주의를 왜 선호하는가?: 엘리트민주주의 대 참여민주주의

What Democracy Do Koreans Prefer and Why?: Elite Democracy vs. Participatory Democracy

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참고문헌

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주제분류정치외교학

초록

그 동안 학계에서 한국인들이 어떤 민주주의를 선호하는지에 대한 연구는 부족하였다. 한국 유권자들이 지지하는 민주주의 유형에 대한 선행연구들도 활용된 자료와 질문에 따라 결과가 차이를 보여 왔다. 이에 본 연구는 전국적 대표성을 가진 대면면접 자료를 활용하여 한국인들의 민주적 의사결정방식에 대한 태도를 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 한국인들이 참여 민주주의를 가장 선호한다는 점을 발견하였으나, 그 양상은 선행연구들과 다소 달랐다. 나아가 참여 민주주의 지지에 대한 요인을 분석한 결과, 응답자들의 정치불만과 정파성이 유의미한 상관관계를 가졌다. 마지막으로 서구와 달리 정치관심과 교육수준이 높은 관심시민들(attentive citizens)이 참여민주주의를 선호한다는 근거를 발견하지 못하였지만, 정치불만이 높은 조건에서 이들의 선호가 참여적으로 변화한다는 상호작용 효과를 확인할 수 있었고, 이는 한국인들의 정치참여에 관한 중요한 시사점을 제공한다.

Abstract

Prior studies are limited in examining what democracy Koreans prefer. Among those studies, there are differences that result from differing survey data and questions. Employing a face-to-face survey with national representation, this study examines Korean citizens’ attitudes toward the decision-making process of democratic government. The analytical results reveal that participatory democracy is strongly preferred by Korean citizens, but the details are somewhat different from those of the prior studies. Moreover, we show that political dissatisfaction and partisanship are associated with citizens’ support for participatory democracy. Finally, we do not find that attentive citizens with political interest and educational attainment support participatory democracy, but we determine that their preference moves to participatory democracy in the condition of high political dissatisfaction. This interactive effect offers an important implication about the political participation of Korean citizens.

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