저임금·계약직 직업으로서의 포닥: 외국인 이공계 포닥 연구자의 경험을 중심으로
Post-doctoral Researcher as a temporary low-wage job: through the experiences of foreign post-doctoral researcher in science and engineering field
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본 연구는 아시아 출신 외국인 이공계 연구자들과 한국인 연구책임자 교수들과의 면접조사를 토대로 포닥의 의미가 박사학위 취득 이후 정해진 기간 동안 독립된 연구자가 되기 위한 추가적 수련의 기간에서 저임금, 불안정한 고용 조건을 특징으로 하는 주변화된 직업으로 변화하고 있음을 드러낸다. 또한 한국에서는 정규직 취업 기회가 희박하고 본국에서도 연구 환경과 임금 등의 측면에서 만족할만한 취업이 쉽지 않은 외국인 이공계 연구자들에게 한국에서의 포닥 기간은 장기화 되는 경향이 있다. 한국인 포닥들은 해외로 나가고, 그 빈자리를 아시아 각국의 포닥들이 메워나가는 글로벌 이동성을 포착해내면서, 본 논문은 이공계 연구자의 전지구적 이동성의 차원에서 한국 내 외국인 이공계 포닥들의 경험을 맥락화하려는 탐색적 시도이다. 동시에 비영어권 국가라는 특징, 이공계 학문 연구 구조(개인 교수의 랩실 중심, 프로젝트 중심), 이공계 분야 연구 위계에서 한국의 위치, 연령에 따른 서열 문화 등 한국의 특수한 맥락이 어떻게 포닥의 의미와 경험에 영향을 주는지도 살피고자 하였다.
Abstract
This paper reveals the changing meaning of post-doctoral researcher in science and engineering field, drawing on individual interviews with foreign post-doctoral researchers working in Korea and Korean professors who have hired foreign post-doctoral researchers. Post-doctoral researcher has been understood to be a temporary trainee in order to become an independent researcher. However, this research shows that post-doctoral researcher needs to be considered as a marginalized ― low-paying, temporary contract-based ― form of academic labor. This research gives a particular attention to the tendency that foreign researchers take the role of post-doctoral researcher as a marginalized job, revealing fragmentation of research community in the context of the global mobility of researchers in science and engineering field. At the same time, this study also contextualizes the experiences of foreign post-doctoral researchers in particular Korean context.
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