칸트 미학에서의 ‘형식(Form)’ 개념에 대한 고찰

Abstract

Kant explained we finally judge the beauty by means of form of the presented object. So, to comprehend the conception of ‘form’ in Kant’s aesthetics is important to understand the mechanism of the aesthetic judgement. In Kant’ aesthetics, the conception of form implicates three meanings. First, the form of the object is defined as a fixed contour or figure, by which materials of the object are obtained a definite organization. According to Kant, on basis of it the subject can sensationally perceive the object and judge the beauty of it. And second, the form is identified with ‘pure sense’ and ‘a unity of variety of sense’. Kant constantly insisted that the form is different from the material, but in preceding explanation, he recognized the unification of form and matter. On one hand, he emphasized that the aesthetic judgement on the object has nothing to do with concept or purpose. But, like the preceding instance, he recognized the unification of form and concept. And third, the form is given the meanings of an ultimate product made in process of aesthetic perception and a final materialization by the subject’s aesthetic contemplation. Namely, the form of the object is catched when the aesthetic contemplation that relies on simultaneous actions of free imagination and strict understanding and abstracts concepts and purposes from the object is performed in the subject.