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코로나19의 위험 지각과 감염 예방 행동의 관계: 신뢰의 조절 효과에 대한 탐색

The Relationship Between Perceived Risk of COVID-19 and Infection Prevention Behavior : Exploring the Moderating Effect of Trust*

박혜경
사회과학연구소 (Institute of Social Sciences SOGANG UNIVERSITY)|2023.08|지역과 세계 (Locality and Globality: International Journal of Social Sciences)|제47권 제3호|pp. 31-60|DOI 10.33071/ssricb.47.3.202308.31

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코로나19COVID-19위험 지각한국종합사회조사Korean General Social Surveyperceived riskgeneral trust기관 신뢰일반 신뢰감염 예방 행동trust in institutionsinfection prevention behavior
주제분류기타사회과학

초록

본 연구에서는 코로나19의 위험 지각과 일반 신뢰 및 기관 신뢰가 한국 사회에서 개인의 코로나19 감염 예방행동과 관련되는지 살펴보고, 더 나아가 코로나19의 위험 지각과 감염 예방 행동의 관계를 일반 신뢰와 기관신뢰가 각각 조절하는지 탐색하였다. 이를 위하여 2021년의 한국종합사회조사에 참여하였던 전국의 성인 남녀 총 1,205명의 자료를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 코로나19의 위험 지각은 감염 예방 행동과 유의한 상관을 보이지 않았으나, 일반 신뢰 및 기관 신뢰는 감염 예방 행동과 각각 유의한 부적 상관을 나타냈다. 다음으로, 기관신뢰의 조절 효과가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로, 기관 신뢰의 수준이 낮은 연구 참가자들만이 코로나19의 위험을 크게 지각할수록 감염 예방 행동을 상대적으로 더 많이 행하였다고 보고하였다. 마지막으로, 본연구의 제한점을 논하고, 사회적 재난 상황에서 개입 방안을 마련하기 위한 후속 연구의 방향을 제시하였다.

Abstract

This study examines whether the perceived risk of COVID-19, general trust, andtrust in institutions are related to the infection prevention behavior of individuals inKorea, and further explores whether general trust and trust in institutions moderatethe relationship between the perceived risk of COVID-19 and infection preventionbehavior. To this end, data from a total of 1,205 adults across the country who hadparticipated in the Korean General Social Survey 2021 were analyzed. The resultsindicate that general trust and trust in institutions, but not the perceived risk ofCOVID-19, are negatively correlated with infection prevention behavior. In addition,the moderating effect of trust in institutions is significant to the extent that onlyindividuals with low levels of trust in institutions report having engaged in moreinfection prevention behavior, as they perceived the risk of COVID-19 to be greater. Finally, the limitations of this study are discussed, and directions for future researchon developing intervention measures in respect of social disasters are suggested.

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