만성 B형간염에서 라미부딘 치료에 의한 혈청 HBV DNA치의 변화와 Viral Breakthrough의 관련성
Correlation of HBV DNA Level and Viral Breakthrough During Lamivudine Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis B
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목적: 만성 B형간염에서 라미부딘은 안전하고 효과적 치료제로 널리 사용되고 있지만 장기적인 치료에 따른 내성 획득이 흔하다. 본 연구에서는 라미부딘 치료 중 HBV DNA치와 내성 획득의 관련성에 관해 조사하였다. 대상과 방법: HBV 감염으로 인한 만성 간염과 간경변증으로 진단된 117명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 및 전향적인 연구를 시행하였다. 라미부딘 치료 시작 후 AST 및 ALT치, HBeAg 및 anti-HBe는 3개월마다 검사하였으며 혈청 HBV DNA는 PCR 정량 측정법으로 6개월마다 측정하였다. 결과: 총 117명의 환자 중 2년 내 viral breakthrough 유무의 확인이 가능하였던 환자는 103명이었고 이 중 48.5%에서 viral breakthrough가 발생하였다. 6개월, 12개월, 18개월, 24개월째 누적 viral breakthrough 발생률은 각각 0%, 19.4%, 34.9%, 48.5%이었다. Viral breakthrough는 라미부딘 치료 6개월째 혈청 HBV DNA치가 200 copies/mL 미만인 군에 비해 2×102-103 copies/mL, 103-104 copies/mL, 104-105 copies/mL 그리고 105 copies/mL 이상인 군에서 odds ratio가 각각 1.10, 1.93, 2.69, 3.21로 유의하게 증가하였다. 라미부딘 치료 12개월째 혈청 HBV DNA치도 200 copies/mL 미만인 군에 비해 200- 103 copies/mL, 103-104 copies/mL, 104-105 copies/ mL 그리고 105 copies/mL 이상인 군에서 odds ratio가 각각 2.41, 4.35, 3.73, 2.61로 유의하게 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 결론: 만성 B형간염 바이러스 감염자에서 라미부딘 치료 중 6개월 및 12개월 째 혈청 HBV DNA치의 억제 정도는 향후 라미부딘 내성 획득과 관련이 있었으며 이는 라미부딘 치료의 지속 여부와 다른 약제의 변경을 결정하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 생각한다.
Abstract
Background/Aims: Lamivudine is an effective therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients, but the emergence of resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants is a major concern. This study was performed to investigate whether serum viral DNA levels during lamivudine therapy are related with viral breakthrough in patients with chronic HBV infection. Methods: This study consisting of 103 patients was performed retrospectively and prospectively. Follow-up duration was 24 months after lamivudine therapy. Serum HBV DNA levels were quantified by PCR-based assay every 6 months. Results: Cumulative rate of viral breakthrough was 0%, 19.4%, 36%, and 48.5% in 6, 12, 18, and 24 months respectively. The rate of viral breakthrough in 24 months increased as serum HBV DNA levels increased at 6 months. When serum HBV DNA levels were 2-3 log10, 3-4 log10, 4-5 log10, and 5 log10 copies/mL or more, the breakthrough rates were significantly higher than that of the HBV DNA level less than 2 log10 copies/mL. The relative risks were 1.10, 1.93, 2.69, 3.21 respectively (P<0.001). The viral breakthrough rate also increased as serum HBV DNA levels at 12 months increased. When the HBV DNA levels were 2-3 log10, 3-4 log10, 4-5 log10, and 5 log10 copies/ mL or more, the breakthrough rate were significantly higher than those of HBV DNA level less than 2 log10 copies/mL. The relative risks were 2.42, 4.35, 3.73, 2.61, respectively (P=0.002). Conclusions: The serum HBV DNA levels at 6 months and 12 months during lamivudine therapy can be closely correlated with the rate of viral breakthrough in 24 months.
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