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혈청 ALT치가 2배 미만인 HBeAg 양성 만성 B형간염 환자의 라미부딘 치료 효과

Clinical Outcomes of Lamivudine Therapy in HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B with Minimally Elevated ALT

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목적: 본 연구는 2배 미만의 경미한 혈청 ALT치의 상승을 보인 HBeAg 양성 만성 B형간염 환자에서 라미부딘의 치료 효과를 알아보고 혈청 ALT치가 2배 이상 증가된 환자와 치료 효과를 후향적으로 비교분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 만성 B형간염 환자로서 HBeAg과 HBV DNA치가 양성이고 혈청 ALT치가 정상 상한치보다 1배 이상 2배 미만으로 증가된 46명(2배 미만군)과 2배 이상 증가된 462명(2배 이상군)을 대상으로 라미부딘을 12개월 이상 투여하였다. 결과: 혈청 ALT치가 2배 미만군에서 HBV DNA 음전은 46명 중 44예(95.7%)에서 있었고 혈청 ALT치는 42예(91.3%)에서 정상화되었다. HBeAg의 혈청전환은 2배 미만군에서 15예(32.6%)에서, 2배 이상군에서는 162예(35.1%)에서 있었다. HBeAg의 누적 혈청전환율은 2배 미만군에서 12개월 19%, 24개월 35%, 36개월 38%였으며 2배 이상군에서는 각각 21%, 31%, 39%로 두 군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(P=0.71). Viral breakthrough는 2배 미만군에서 20예(43.5%)에서, 2배 이상군에서는 192예(41.6%)에서 있었다. 누적 viral breakthrough 발생률은 2배 미만군에서 12개월 18%, 18개월 33%, 24개월 45%였으며 2배 이상군에서는 각각 12%, 29%, 42%로 두 군 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다(P=0.54). 치료 반응군 중 투약을 중단한 환자는 2배 미만군에서 9명 중 5예(56%)에서, 2배 이상군은 108명 중 44예(41%)에서 재발하였다. 치료 종료 후 누적 재발률은 2배 미만군에서 6개월 38%, 12개월 63%였으며 2배 이상군에서는 각각 30%, 39%로 두 군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다(P=0.31). 결론: 2배 미만의 경미한 혈청 ALT치의 증가를 보인 HBeAg 양성 만성 B형간염에서 라미부딘 치료는 2배 이상의 높은 혈청 ALT치의 증가를 보인 환자와 비슷한 치료 효과를 보였다. 향후 많은 수를 대상으로 한 전향연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Abstract

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of lamivudine therapy between chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, whose ALT levels less than 2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) and patients whose ALT levels are more than 2 times ULN. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 508 consecutive patients with HBeAg-positive CHB who were treated with lamivudine for 1 year or more. Forty-six patients (Group A) with pretreatment ALT levels less than 2 times ULN were retrospectively compared with 462 patients (Group B) whose ALT levels are more than 2 times ULN. Results: HBeAg seroconversion was achieved in 15 (32.6%) of group A and 162 (35.1%) of group B. The cumulative rates of HBeAg seroconversion in group A and B were 19% and 21% at 12 months; 35% and 31% at 24 months; and 38% and 39% at 36 months, respectively. HBV breakthrough was observed in 20 (43.5%) of group A and 192 (41.6%) of group B. The cumulative breakthrough rates of group A and B were 18% and 12% at 12 months; 33% and 29 % at 18 months; 45% and 42% at 24 months, respectively. Post-treatment relapse in group A and B occurred in 56% (5/9) and 41% (44/108), respectively. Therefore, the rates of the HBeAg seroconversion, breakthrough, and post-treatment relapse were not significantly different between these two groups. Conclusions: Lamivudine therapy in HBeAg-positive CHB patients whose ALT levels are minimally elevated is as effective as in treatment of the patients whose pretreated ALT levels are twice more than ULN. (Korean J Hepatol 2007;13:146-156)

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