만성 B형간질환에서 핵산유사체 치료경험이 없는 환자와 라미부딘 경험자에서의 클레부딘 치료
Long-term clevudine therapy in nucleos(t)ide-naïve and lamivudine-experienced patients with hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver diseases
2
조회
0
다운로드
8
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
목적: 저자 등은 만성 B형간질환 환자로서 뉴클레오시(티)드 경험이 없는 환자와 라미부딘 치료 경험이 있는 환자에서 클레부딘 치료 1년째의 성적을 비교 분석하고, 안전성을 평가하였다. 방법: 2007년 1월부터 2008년 9월까지 대구․경북 지역의 4개 대학병원에 내원하여 만성 B형 간질환으로 진단받고 초치료로서 클레부딘을 3개월 이상 투여받은 환자 196명과 라미부딘 사용 경험이 있으면서 클레부딘으로 변경하여 3개월 이상 투여받은 환자 75명을 후향 분석하였다. 결과: 혈청 HBV DNA 감소 정도는 치료 6개월, 12개월째에 초치료군에서 각각 4.1, 4.4 log10copies/mL, 라미부딘 경험군에서 각각 2.8, 2.4 log10copies/mL로 초치료군에서 유의하게 감소폭이 컸다(P<0.001). 혈청 HBV DNA가 치료 6개월, 12개월째 2,000 copies/mL 이하로 감소한 환자의 비율은 초치료군에서 각각 69.6%, 75.0%, 라미부딘 경험군에서 각각 56.7%, 51.6%로 초치료군에서 유의하게 높았다(각각 P= 0.062, P=0.032). 그러나 12개월째 HBeAg의 음전 및 anti-HBe로의 혈청전환율은 초치료군 각각 30.5%, 16.9%, 라미부딘 경험군 각각 33.3%, 16.7%로 두 군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 바이러스 돌파현상과 내성 바이러스의 발생률은 치료 6개월, 12개월째 초치료군에서 각각 1.3%(2/158), 10.0% (10/80), 라미부딘 경험군에서는 각각 6.0%(4/67), 44.4%(12/27)로 두 군 간에 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.001). 라미부딘 경험군으로 치료 전 라미부딘 내성검사에서 음성이었던 환자 30명 가운데 바이러스 무반응 2명(6.7%), 바이러스 돌파 7명(23.3%)이 발생하였다. 바이러스 돌파와 동반된 HBV 역전사효소의 아미노산 변이 부위는 초치료군에서는 M204I 변이가 14예 중 7예로 가장 많았고, 라미부딘 경험군에서는 15예 중 L180M+M204I가 8예, M204I 변이가 5예로 대부분을 차지하였으며, 181번 부위의 내성이 두 군 합하여 3명에서 나타났다. 환자의 대부분에서 클레부딘은 부작용이 없고 안전하였으나 소수 환자에서는 근육병증 증상이 관찰되었으며 투약 중단 후 호전되었다. 결론: 만성 B형간염 환자에 대한 클레부딘 치료 1년째의 성적은 비교적 양호하지만 라미부딘과 클레부딘은 교차내성이 빈번히 발생하는 것으로 판단되며, 다약제내성과 관련이 있는 181번 유전자 변이가 동반되기도 한다. 또한 드물지 않게 근육병증이 발생하므로 세심한 관심과 추적이 필요하다.
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims: Clevudine is an effective antiviral nucleoside analogue, but there are few data regarding its long-term effects, resistance, and safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of clevudine over a 1-year treatment period in nucleos(t)ide-naive and lamivudine-experienced chronic hepatitis B patients. Methods: Nucleos(t)ide-naive (group A, n=196) and lamivudine-experienced (serum hepatitis B virus, HBV DNA >2,000 copies/mL without resistant mutants at the start of clevudine therapy, group B, n=75) patients were included in this study. Basic clinical characteristics including age, sex, the presence of cirrhosis, laboratory data, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBeAg) positivity were similar between the two groups. Pretreatment serum levels of HBV DNA were 7.4 and 6.6 log10 copies/mL (P<0.001). The mean treatment duration was 8 months for both groups (range for group A: 3-21 months; range for group B: 3-20 months). Genotypic analysis for resistant mutations in the reverse transcriptase of HBV was performed after viral breakthrough. Results: After 1 year of therapy, 75.0% and 51.9% of groups A and B, respectively, had HBV DNA levels of <2,000 copies/mL (P=0.032), and HBeAg seroconversion rates were 16.9% and 16.7%, respectively. The rates of viral breakthrough at 1 year were 10.0% (8/80) and 44.4% (12/27), respectively (P<0.001). Proven sites of mutation of HBV DNA polymerase in naive patients were, for example, L80I, L180M, A181V/T, M204I and V207I. Ten patients complained of prominent fatigue and revealed elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK). Two of these patients presented with severe myopathy from which they recovered completely after quitting clevudine. Conclusions: Clevudine is one of the recommended first-line medicines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, but it is not free from resistance, particularly in patients with a history of previous lamivudine treatment, but also in naive patients. Clevudine should be avoided in previously lamivudine-exposed patients. In addition, reelevation of serum AST and CPK levels is not a rare occurrence, and close observation and follow-up tests are essential.
참고문헌 (40)
- Blumberg BS, "A “new” antigen in leukemia sera", JAMA, 191, pp.541~546 (1965)
- Lok AS, "Prevention of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma", Gastroenterology, 127(1), pp.S303~S309 (2004)
- Lee WM, "Hepatitis B virus infection", N Engl J Med, 337, pp.1733~1745 (1997)
- Liaw YF, "Lamivudine for patients with chronic hepatitis B and advanced liver disease", N Engl J Med, 351, pp.1521~1531 (2004)
- Dienstag JL, "Histological outcome during long-term lamivudine therapy", Gastroenterology, 124, pp.105~117 (2003)
- Yao FY, "Lamivudine treatment in patients with severely decompensated cirrhosis due to replicating hepatitis B infection", J Hepatol, 33, pp.301~307 (2000)
- Hann HW, "Active antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma", Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol, 54, pp.19~30 (2008)
- Matsumoto A, "Efficacy of lamivudine for preventing hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B: a multicenter retrospective study of 2795 patients", Hepatol Res, 32, pp.173~184 (2005)
- Lee HJ, "The effect of lamivudine in HBV-positive patients with progressively aggravating chronic liver disease and active HBV DNA multiplication", Korean J Hepatol, 6, pp.73~81 (2000)
- Heon Ju Lee, "Prevention by Lamivudine of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients Infected with Hepatitis B Virus", Gut and Liver, 1(2), pp.151~158 (2007), 거트앤리버 발행위원회
- Wright TL, "Clinical trial results and treatment resistance with lamivudine in hepatitis B", Semin Liver Dis, 24(1), pp.S31~S36 (2004)
- Andreone P, "High risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in anti-HBe positive liver cirrhosis patients developing lamivudine resistance", J Viral Hepat, 11, pp.439~442 (2004)
- Balakrishna Pai S, "Inhibition of hepatitis B virus by a novel L-nucleoside, 2’-fluoro-5-methyl-beta-L-arabinofuranosyl uracil", Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 40, pp.380~386 (1996)
- Ma T, "Structure-activity relationships of 1-(2-deoxy-2- fluoro-beta-L-arabinofuranosyl) pyrimidine nucleosides as anti-hepatitis B virus agents", J Med Chem, 39, pp.2835~2843 (1996)
- Marcellin P, "A phase II dose escalating trial of clevudine in patients with chronic hepatitis B", Hepatology, 40, pp.140~148 (2004)
- Yoo BC, "Twenty-four week clevudine therapy showed potent and sustained antiviral activity in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B", Hepatology, 45, pp.1172~1178 (2007)
- Yoo BC, "Clevudine is highly efficacious in hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B with durable off- therapy viral suppression", Hepatology, 46, pp.1041~1048 (2007)
- Keeffe EB, "Report of an international workshop: roadmap for management of patients receiving oral therapy for chronic hepatitis B", Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 5, pp.890~897 (2007)
- Chen HL, "Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in children: ten years of mass vaccination in Taiwan", JAMA, 276, pp.906~908 (1996)
- Ni YH, "Hepatitis B virus infection in children and adolescents in a hyperendemic area: 15 years after mass hepatitis B vaccination", Ann Intern med, 135, pp.796~800 (2001)
- Chang MH, "Decreasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma among children following universal hepatitis B immunization", Liver Int, 23, pp.309~314 (2003)
- Chang MH, "Universal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwan and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in children. Taiwan Childhood Hepatoma Study Group", N Engl J Med, 336, pp.1855~1859 (1997)
- Lin SM, "Interferon therapy in HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis reduces progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma", J Hepatol, 46, pp.45~52 (2007)
- Palumbo E, "Hepatitis B genotypes and response to antiviral therapy: a review", Am J Ther, 14, pp.306~309 (2007)
- Lee HJ, "The effect of recombinant interferon α-2b(Reaferonⓡ) in the patients with chronic hepatitis B", Korean J Gastroenterol, 29, pp.777~785 (1997)
- Lai CL, "Prevalence and clinical correlates of YMDD variants during lamivudine therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B", Clin Infect Dis, 36, pp.687~696 (2003)
- Hadziyannis SJ, "Long-term therapy with adefovir dipivoxil for HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B for up to 5 years", Gastroenterology, 131, pp.1743~1751 (2006)
- Lai CL, "Telbivudine versus lamivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis B", N Engl J Med, 357, pp.2576~2588 (2007)
- "Hepatol Int", 2008, S76~S77
- Colonno RT, "Four year assessment of ETV resistance in nucleoside-naive and lamivudine refractory patients", J Hepatol, 46(1), pp.S294~ (2007)
- Lee YS, "Increased risk of adefovir resistance in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B after 48 weeks of adefovir dipivoxil monotherapy", Hepatology, 43, pp.1385~1391 (2006)
- Yeon JE, "Resistance to adefovir dipivoxil in lamivudine resistant chronic hepatitis B patients treated with adefovir dipivoxil", Gut, 55, pp.1488~1495 (2006)
- Koh SY, "Antiviral efficacy of clevudine therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B", Korean J Hepatol, 14(3), pp.S42~ (2008)
- Yuen MF, "Factors associated with hepatitis B virus DNA breakthrough in patients receiving prolonged lamivudine therapy", Hepatology, 34, pp.785~791 (2001)
- 고경현, "라미부딘 치료 후 클레부딘으로 전환한 만성 B형간염 환자에서 발생된 클레부딘 내성 1예: 연관 염기서열 분석", 대한소화기학회지, 52(5), pp.325~328 (2008), 대한소화기학회
- Villet S, "Impact of hepatitis B virus rt181V", T mutants on hepatitis B treatment failure, 2008, pp.48, 747~755
- 이헌주, "만성 B형간염 환자에서 adefovir dipivoxil 투여에 의해 발생한 심한 저인산염혈증 1예", The Korean Journal of Hepatology, 14(3), pp.381~386 (2008), 대한간학회
- Fontana RJ, "Side effects of long-term oral antiviral therapy for hepatitis B", Hepatology, 49(5), pp.S185~S195 (2009)
- Lai CL, "Telbivudine versus lamivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis B", N Engl J Med, 357, pp.2576~2588 (2007)
- Liaw YF, "2-Year GLOBE trial results: telbivudine is superior to lamivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis B", Gastroenterology, 136, pp.486~495 (2009)
