간호사의 문화적 역량에 대한 외국인 환자와 병원 간호사의 인식 비교
Comparison of Perceived Nurses' Cultural Competence of Nurses and Foreign Patients
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목적: 본 연구는 한국 간호사의 문화적 역량 수준에 대한 종합병원 간호사와 외국인 환자의 인식 차이를 조사하고자 한다. 방법: 본 연구는 부산에 위치한 H 종합병원에 근무하는 외래 및 병동 간호사와 같은 기관에 내원한 외국인을 대상으로 하였다. 문화적 역량은 4개의 하부영역(문화적 인식, 문화적 지식, 문화적 민감성, 문화적 기술)으로 구성되어 있는 한국 간호사의 문화적 역량 측정도구로 측정하였다. 자료는 설문지를 이용하여 2014년 3월 31일부터 4월 30일까지 수집하였고, PASW statistics 18.0을 통해 independent t-test, ANOVA로 분석하였다. 결과: 전반적으로 외국인 환자가 인식한 한국 간호사의 문화적 역량은 간호사의 인식보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 문화적 인식의 경우에는 간호사가 외국인 환자에 비해 더 높게 평가하였지만, 문화적 지식과 문화적 기술의 경우에는 반대였다. 결론: 이상의 연구결과에서 간호사의 문화적 역량에 대한 외국인 환자와 간호사의 인식은 통계적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 외국인 환자의 관점을 통합하여 간호사의 문화적 역량을 위한 교육프로그램 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the differences in Korean nurses' cultural competence perceived bynurses and foreign patients in a general hospital. Methods: The study participants were recruited fromoutpatient clinics and wards in H General Hospital located in Busan. Cultural competence was measured bythe Cultural Competence Scale for Korean Nurses, consisting of 4 subscales: cultural perception, culturalknowledge, cultural sensitivity, and cultural skills. Data were collected from March 31 to April 30, 2014 bydistributing and collecting a self-administrated questionnaire set. Data of the 90 foreign patients and 90 nurseswere analyzed using PASW statistics 18.0 for independent t-test and ANOVA. Results: The level of culturalcompetence of Korean nurses perceived by foreign patients was significantly higher than that of nurses. On thecultural awareness dimension, nurses rated themselves more highly than foreign patients did while ratings onthe dimensions of cultural knowledge and cultural skill were the opposite. Conclusion: This study indicates thatthere was a statistically significant difference in the perception of nurses' cultural competence between nursesand foreign patients. The findings can be used for developing education programs to enhance nurses' culturalcompetence, integrating the perspectives of foreign patients.
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