아동문학과 일하는 아이 – 해방 전 동시(童詩)를 중심으로

Abstract

Children who work often appear in children’s poetry before liberation. Children’s thoughts and emotions are expressed in works that reveal children’s labor. There is a significance of the study because it has never studied only working children in previous papers. By observing the purpose of children’s labor, we can analyze the values of children of the time. Tradition and imported values coexist and act as the driving force of labor. Children worked to practice the traditional values of filial piety or to realize class consciousness. Working children are frustrated and angry at the reality of being deprived of academic opportunities. This reflects the conventional wisdom that you can only succeed if you’re educated, and the disparity in social class. Working children find night school as a way to study while working. Orphans who are not socially protected are lamenting their hard work and falling into self-pity. These works often erupt emotions without poetic distance adjustment. On the other hand, in a work where the direction of compassion is directed to the outside, it induces sympathy in a roundabout way instead of direct reference. The sensible observer expresses sympathy for the unfortunate situation, but adjusts the distance so that it does not fall sentimental. It was confirmed that the way of revealing the child working in the work varied according to the difference of vision. The conflicting values of traditional ideas and class consciousness coexiste. It was revealed that the children were frustrated or trying to overcome their interrupted studies. Compassion was expressed as sentimentality of self-compassion when facing inside, and sublimated emotion when facing outside. As a result, both the poet and the reader have developed a sense of balance for the times because of the complexity of the work that reveals the working child.