야간전담간호사의 피로 회복 경험, 일과 삶의 균형 및 재직 의도의 변화: 단일군 사전사후 비교연구
Changes of the Fatigue Recovery Experience, Work Life Balance, and Retention Intention at Work among Nurses of Fixed Night Shifts: One Group Pretest-Posttest Design
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초록
목적: 본 연구의 목적은 3교대 근무와 야간전담 근무를 모두 경험한 간호사들의 야간전담 근무에서의 긍정적인 결과인 피로 회복 경험, 일과 삶의 균형, 재직 의도 등을 비교해 보고자 하는 것이다. 연구 방법: 본 연구는 야간전담 근무를 경험한 간호사의 피로 회복 경험, 일과 삶의 균형, 재직 의도를 비교하기 위한 단일 집단 사전 사후 연구 설계의 조사연구이다. 2023년 9월 1일부터 2023년 12월 31일까지 서울지역 단일 3차 의료기관에서 근무하고 있는 간호사 59명을 대상으로 하였다. 수집된 자료는 R 통계분석프로그램을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, t-검정, 분산분석 그리고 대응표본 t-검정방법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과: 본 연구결과 야간전담간호사의 피로 회복 경험의 경우 급ㆍ만성 피로도는 감소하였다. 하지만 근무 간 회복 점수는 개선되지 않아 간호사들의 피로 회복이 불충분한 것으로 나타났다. 야간전담간호사의 일과 삶의 균형 점수는 증가한 것으로 나타났고 특히 일과 여가 균형 점수가 개선되었다. 야간전담간호사의 재직의도는 증가하였지만 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 결론: 본 연구결과를 토대로 야간전담 근무제도의 성공적인 정착을 통해 미래 간호사 세대의 이직율을 줄이고 간호사들이 환자의 직접간호에 더 많은 시간을 할애할 수 있는 의료환경을 조성하고자 한다. 더 나아가 간호사의 삶의 질 개선과 환자의 임상결과 개선을 가져오기를 기대한다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the positive outcomes of fixed night shift, such as fatigue recovery experiences, work-life balance, and retention intentions, among nurses who had experienced both rotating shifts and fixed night shift. Methods: A single-cohort pre-post study design was used to compare the fatigue recovery experience, work-life balance, and retention intentions of nurses who have experienced fixed night shift. The study included 59 nurses working at a single university hospital in Seoul from September 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. Data were analyzed using frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA, paired t-test using the R statistical program. Results: The results revealed that acute and chronic fatigue levels decreased among nurses of night shifts during fatigue recovery assessment. However, the inter-shift recovery score did not improve, indicating that nurses' fatigue recovery was insufficient. Work-life balance scores increased, particularly in the area of work-leisure balance. Retention intention also improved among nurses of fixed night shift, but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the successful establishment of a fixed night shift system will reduce the turnover rate of the next generation of nurses and create a medical environment where nurses can spend more time on direct patient nursing care. Furthermore, we hope to improve the quality of life of nurses and improve the health outcomes of patients.
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