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간호사의 스트레스 측정도구 개발

Development of a Scale for Measuring Nurses' Stress

허유진|이경미|강윤희
병원간호사회 (Hospital Nurses Association)|2024.04|임상간호연구 (Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research)|제30권 제1호|pp. 11-23|DOI 10.22650/JKCNR.2024.30.1.11

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키워드

스트레스Factor Analysis요인분석Stress간호사Nurses통계Validation StudyStatistical신뢰도와 타당도Reliability and Validity타당화연구
주제분류간호학

초록

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 간호사의 스트레스 측정도구를 개발하고 측정도구의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하는 것이다. 방법: 측정도구의 개발 및 타당화 과정은 DeVellis의 도구 개발 절차에 근거하였다. 간호 업무 환경 스트레스 모델과 초점집단면담을 통하여 43개의 예비문항을 도출하였다. 측정도구의 타당도를 검증하기 위해 208명의 임상간호사를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고, 탐색적 요인분석을 활용하여 측정도구의 요인 구조를 탐색하였다. 이후 201명의 임상간호사를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여, 확인적 요인분석을 활용하여 식별된 요인구조를 확인하였다. 또한, 내용타당도, 수렴 및 변별타당도를 측정하였고, 내적 타당도를 평가하기 위해 Cronbach의 ⍺ 계수를 활용하였다. 결과: 최종 척도는 4개 요인, 19개의 문항으로 확정되었다. 척도의 구조는 확인적 요인분석을 사용하여 확인되었으며, 코펜하겐 소진척도와 한국 간호사 직업 스트레스 척도와 중간정도의 상관관계를 보였다. 신뢰도 Cronbach의 ⍺는 .87이었다. 결론: 이론적 모델을 기반으로 간호 업무에 대한 간호사의 심리적 반응을 포괄하는 간호사들의 스트레스 척도가 개발되었다.

Abstract

Purpose: This study developed a scale of nurses' stress and examined the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: The scale was developed according to DeVellis' scale development procedure. Based on the NursingWork Environment Stress model and the results of focus group interviews, 43 preliminary items were generated. A survey was conducted with 208 clinical nurses to test the psychometric properties of the scale. Bothexploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to figure out and confirm the scale'stheoretical structure statistically. In addition, content, convergent, and discriminative validity were evaluatedand Cronbach's ⍺ was calculated to test internal reliability. Results: The final scale consisted of 19 items andverified four-factor structures. The structure of the scale was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, andit showed moderate correlations with the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory and Korean Nurses OccupationalStress Scale. Cronbach's ⍺ was .87. Conclusion: A scale of nurses' stress to nursing work was developed toembrace a wide range of nurses' psychological responses to nursing work based on the theoretical model.

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