파리의 보헤미안 역사: 반문화운동을 중심으로 한 일상생활사
The Bohemianism as Counter-Culture Movement: Bohemian Daily Life History in Paris
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초록
본 고의 목적은 반문화운동으로서의 보헤미안주의를 살펴보고, 그 문화를 중심으로 전개된 일상생활사를 간략히 기술하는 데 있다. 정치사에서 경제사, 사회사, 그리고 21세기의 화두인 문화를 중심으로 한 신문화사(New cultural history)가 주요 학풍으로 자리를 잡음으로써 특출하고 저명한 개인들의 인물사나 사건중심의 정치사가 아니라, 한 사회집단의 집단심성사와 일상생활사도 학계의 각광을 받는 시대가 되었다. 그리하여 본고는 한 세대를 풍미했던 반문화운동을 주도했던 집단적 주체인 보헤미안의 정의와 지리학, 보헤미안 1, 2세대, 라이프스타일, 패션, 그리고 보헤미안 여성을 논한 다음, 또 다른 반문화운동인 댄디이즘과 비교·고찰하는 것으로 결론을 맺고 있다.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze as a ‘counter-culture’ movement the Bohemianism which can be divided into two generations, and to describe vividly the Bohemian everyday life styles. The paper is divided into seven categories: the definition of Bohemianism, Bohemian geography, Bohemian two generations, their lifestyles, fashions, Bohemian women(Grisettes), and Dandyism, etc. The first generation of Bohemianism starts with Henri Murger who is considered as a true founder of Bohemian movement in Paris. The second generation of Bohemianism is represented by Courbet's realism and Brasserie Andler. The Bohemians refuse to accept the private property rights and materialism which characterize the Bourgois values based on the pursuit of wealth. The counter-culture movement is an important element of historical changes. As a conclusion, the Bohemianism is epitomized into three categories: the youth movement, Bohemian women and Dandyism.
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