영국의 청원제도: 한국과의 비교 및 시사

Abstract

The UK petition system, which started with the Magna Carta and the Bill of Rights, is the basis of modern petition system. T The First Amendment to the US Constitution and the German right to petition are also seeking its origins in the British Bill of Rights, and Japan and Taiwan are also operating a petition system based on the Bill of Rights. Many democracies such as the UK, Scotland, Germany, and the United States have introduced the electronic petition system, and since the Moon Jae-in administration was inaugurated, in Korea, citizens have expressed their opinions and communicated directly with the government through the Blue House electronic petition system. Currently, petitions in the UK can be broadly divided into two types: general petitions and recall petitions. General petitions will be submitted directly to Internet websites and local MP, and if the number of petitions exceeds 10,000 and 100,000, the government and the House of Parliament will have to respond. The recall petitions is operated only by the UK among developed countries, where local constituents vote to summon MPs from the region and lose their qualifications when certain requirements arise. South Korea should respond directly to more than 200,000 signatures through the Blue House National Petition, but the government has yet to introduce a national recall system. Korea's national petition system is later than the UK's, but its participation rate in petitions is much higher. This article examines the petition system in the UK and draws its implications by comparing it with Korea.