시각적 피로도에 영향을 미치는 시청거리와 깊이방향의 운동속도
The effect of viewing distance and the speed of motion-in-depth on visual fatigue
0
조회
0
다운로드
24
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구에서는 입체 영상이 가지는 특성과 시청환경의 특성에 따라 입체 영상을 시청할 때 발생할 수 있는 시각적 피로도를 체계적으로 살펴보기 위해 깊이방향의 운동속도와 응시거리 각각을 입체 영상과 시청환경의 대표적인 특성으로 삼고 각 요인에 의해 발생되는 시각적 피로도를 측정하였다. 시각적 피로도는 눈통증 요인, 시각적 스트레스, 어지러움 요인, 신체 통증 요인, 상흐림 요인으로 구성된 피로도 측정도구를 이용하여 주관적인 시각적 피로도를 측정하였다. 실험 1에서는 깊이 방향의 운동속도를 변화시킨 자극을 40분간 제시하면서 10분, 20분, 40분에 시각적 피로도를 측정하였다. 측정결과 전체 피로도 점수는 시청시간이 증가함에 따라 높아졌지만 운동 속도에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았다. 다섯 개의 하위척도들 중 어지러움 하위척도 점수에서만 운동 속도가 증가할수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 실험 2에서는 동일한 입체 영상을 응시거리만 변화시켜가면서 시각적 피로도를 측정하였다. 전체 피로도 점수는 시청시간이 증가함에 따라 높아졌지만 응시거리에 따른 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 다섯 개의 하위 척도들 중 상흐림 하위척도 점수에서만 응시거리가 멀어질수록 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 입체 영상의 특성이나 시청환경에 따라 시각피로도가 변화될 수 있음을 보여주며, 시각피로도를 발생시키는 요인에 따라 각기 다른 종류의 시각피로도가 발생할 수 있음을 보여준다.
Abstract
The present study have investigated the effect of the characteristics of stereoscopic images and viewing environment on visual fatigue. We manipulated the speed of stereo images with motion-in-depth and viewing distance, which were used as representative variables of the characteristics of stereo image and viewing environment, respectively. Visual fatigue was evaluated with use of a subjective questionnaire which is consisting of 5 different and independent factors: “Eye pain”, “Visual stress,” “Nauseousness”, “Body stiffness”, and “Blurriness”. In general, when viewing time increased from 10 minutes to 20 and 40 minutes, observers felt severe visual fatigue. Among other factors, only the factor score of “Nauseousness” was significantly increased as the speed of object moving in depth became faster. When viewing distance was increased, the score of "“Blurriness” was decreased. These results suggest that different kind of the visual fatigue might be induced depending on characteristics of the stereo images and viewing environment.
참고문헌 (20)
- Chi, C.F., "A comparison of seven visual fatigue assessment techniques in three data-acquisition vdt tasks", Human Factors, 40(4), pp.577~590 (1998)
- Collewijn, H, "Absolute and relative disparity: a re-evaluation of their significance in perception and oculomotor control. in Adaptive Processes in Visual and Oculomotor Systems", pp.177~184 (1986), Pergamon
- Emoto, M., "Changes in fusional vergence limit and its hysteresis after viewing stereoscopic TV", Displays, 25, pp.67~76 (2004)
- Erkelens, C. J., "Motion perception during dichoptic viewing of moving random-dot stereograms", Vision Research, 25, pp.583~588 (1985)
- Fender, D., "Extension of Panum's fusional area in binocularly stabilized vision", Journal of the Optical Society of America, 57, pp.819~830 (1967)
- Gur, S, "Objective evaluation of visual fatigue in VDU workers", Occupational Medicine, 44(4), pp.201~204 (1994)
- Hoffman, D. M., "Vergence–accommodation conflicts hinder visual performance and cause visual fatigue", Journal of Vision, 8(3), pp.1~30 (2008)
- Howard,I.P, "The perception of posture, self motion and the visual vertical. In Handbook of Perception and Human Performance. Vol. 2" (1986), Wiley Interscience
- IJsselsteijn,W.A, "Presence in the Past : What can we learn from media history?. in Being There: Concepts, Effects and Mesurement of User Presence in Synthetic Environments", pp.18~40 (2003), IOS Press
- Jaschinski-Kruza,W, "Visual strain during VDT work: The effect of viewing distance and dark focus", Ergonomics, 51, pp.1449~1465 (1988)
- Kooi, F. L, "Visual comfort of binocular and 3D displays", Displays, 25, pp.99~108 (2004)
- Li, H. O, "Development of a tool to measure subjective 3-D visual fatigue: a four-factor model, Displays", ~
- Lipton,L, "Foundations of the stereoscopic cinema- A study in depth" (1982), Van Nostrand Reinhold
- Martens, T. G., "Observations on accommodative convergence; especially its nonlinear relationships", American Journal of Ophthalmology, 47, pp.455~463 (1959)
- Mitchell,D.E, "A review of the concept of Panum's fusional area", American Journal of Optometry, 43, pp.387~401 (1966)
- Polak, N. A., "Dynamic interactions between accommodation and convergence", IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 37, pp.1011~1014 (1990)
- Rempel, D., "The Effects of Visual Display Distance on Eye Accommodation, Head Posture, and Vision and Neck Symptoms", Human Factors, 49, pp.830~838 (2007)
- Schor,C, "The influence of interactions between accommodation and convergence on the lag of accommodation", Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 19, pp.134~150 (1999)
- Yano, S., "Two factors in visual fatigue caused by stereoscopic HDTV images", Displays, 25, pp.141~150 (2004)
- Yano, S, "A study of visual fatigue and comfort for 3D HDTV", HDTV images, 2002, pp.23, 191~201