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중소기업 최고경영자의 학습지향성이 기업성과에 미치는 영향 - 시장지향성과 혁신성의 매개효과를 중심으로 -

An Influence of Learning Orientation in Small & Medium Enterprise on Corporate Performance - Centered on mediating effect of market orientation and innovativeness -

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주제분류경영학

초록

오늘날 기업은 경쟁우위 확보를 위한 지식창출을 위해서는 인적자원의 질적 향상이 필요하다는 것을 인식하고 조직의 학습문화 형성에 많은 관심을 기울이고 있다. 이러한 추세를 반영하여 최근 조직론연구에서 학습 문화로써 학습지향성이 기업성과에 유의한 영향을 미친다는 연구결과가 발표되고 있다. 그러나 학습지향성과 시장지향성의 인과관계, 시장지향성이 혁신성에 유의한 영향을 미치는지에 대하여 서로들 상이한 연구결과들이 제시되고 있다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 중소기업의 최고경영자를 대상으로 학습지향성이 시장지향성, 혁신성에 영향을 미치는지와 학습지향성 및 시장지향성과 기업성과 사이에 혁신성의 매개효과를 살펴보고자 한다. 조사는 기계 및 조립금속제조업을 영위하는 중소기업을 대상으로 했으며 분석기법은 신뢰성 및 타당석 분석, 확인적 요인분석과 구조방정식 분석을 실시했다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 최고경영자의 학습지향성은 시장지향성과 혁신성의 선행변수로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 시장지향성은 혁신성의 선행변수이고 학습지향성과 혁신성 관계를 매개함으로써 부분매개 효과를 가졌다. 셋째, 학습지향성, 시장지향성과 기업성과 관계에 혁신성은 완전매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 최고경영자의 학습지향성은 혁신성에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 시장지향성을 통해 간접적으로 혁신성에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과에 대한 선행 연구결과를 이론적으로 고찰하였으며 중소기업의 기업성과를 높이는데 필요한 최고경영자의 학습지향성과 시장지향성, 그리고 혁신성이라는 기업가적 리더십 특성에 대한 시사점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

For the enterprise in today's knowledge society, forming a learning culture in the organization to achieve quality improvement of human resource was raised as a big task above all to create knowledge for securing competitive advantage. Reflecting this trend, the recent study reports that learning orientation as a learning culture in the organization has a significant influence on corporate performance. The result of research, however, suggests the different figures about whether it is influenced by causal relationship between learning orientation and market orientation, market orientation, and innovativeness. Accordingly, this study is aimed for finding out the causal relationship between learning orientation and market orientation, innovativeness, corporate performance against top management of small & medium enterprises, which brought forth meaningful results as follow;First, learning orientation was found to have significant influence as the proactive variables of market orientation and innovativeness. Second, market orientation, as a proactive variable of innovativeness, appeared to have partial mediating effect by mediating the relation between learning orientation and innovativeness. Accordingly, learning orientation has a direct influence on innovativeness, and has an indirect influence on innovativeness through market orientation. Third, in the relationship among learning orientation, market orientation and corporate performance, innovativeness was found to have perfect mediating effect. The implication of the result of this study is very meaningful representing that learning orientation played a proactive role in the causal relationship between learning orientation and market orientation that was argued in the related proactive studies, and also reached a significant result even in an causal relationship on innovativeness of market orientation.

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