반추위 섬유소분해 박테리아 배양액의 투여 수준에 따른 한우 반추위 발효에 미치는 영향
Effects of Increasing Inclusion Levels of Rumen Cellulolytic Bacteria Culture on In vivo Ruminal Fermentation Patterns in Hanwoo Heifers
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본 연구는 홀스타인 젖소의 반추위에서 순수분리 및 동정된 섬유소 분해균인 Ruminococcus flavefaciens(H-20) 및 Fibrobactor succinogenes(H-23)의 혼합 배양액(DFM)을 수준별로 반추동물에 적용하였을 때 반추위발효와 섬유소분해효소 활성에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 대사시험은 반추위 fistula가 장착된 12개월령 한우 암소 4두를 이용하여 4×4 Latin square 방법으로 실시되었다. 모든 처리구는 기초사료로, 농후사료 2kg에 톨페스큐와 오차드그라스의 혼합건초 3kg을 1일 2회로 나누어 균등 급여하였으며, DFM을 사용하지 않은 처리구(control), 기초사료를 포함하여 1%(50ml/day, H20+H23), 3%(150ml/day, H20+H23) 및 5%(250ml/day, H20+H23) 수준의 네 처리군으로 나누어, 사료 급여시 DFM을 반추위 cannula 안으로 직접 주입하여 실시하였다. 본 실험 결과 급여 후 모든 시간에서, 처리구는 반추위액내 pH의 유의적 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 반추위 암모니아 질소의 농도에서 DFM투여 후 1시간에 3% 처리구(19.47mg/dl)는 5% 처리구(17.27mg/dl)와 차이는 없었지만, 대조구 및 1% 처리구(14.5 및 14.9mg/dl)와 비교하여 유의적으로 높은 농도를 보였다(p<0.05). 섬유소분해효소활력은 전체적으로 유의한 효과가 나타나지 않았으나, xylanase는 0시간에 5% 처리구(119.49μmol/ml/min)가 3% 처리구(72.02μmol/ml/min)와 비교하여 유의적으로 높은 농도를 보였다(p<0.05). VFA 농도는 butyric acid에서 급여후 1시간에 대조구(15.71mM)와 비교하여 3% 처리구(24.48mM)에서 유의적으로 높은 농도를 보였다(p< 0.05). 이러한 결과로 미루어 보아 혐기성 섬유소분해박테리아 배양액의 공급은 최소 3% 이상에서 반추위 발효에 개선효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to observe the effects of anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria culture(Ruminococcus flavefaciens H-20 and Fibrobactor succinogenes H-23) on in vivo ruminal fermentation characteristics in Hanwoo heifers. Four ruminally cannulated Hanwoo heifers(221±7.5kg) receiving a basal diet containing 3kg of mixture hay(tall fescue and ochardgrass) and 2kg of concentrate per day were in a 4×4 Latin square with 21-day periods. Treatments were the basal diet without the culture additive(control), the basal diet plus 50ml/day of bacteria culture of H-20 and H-23(1%), 150ml/day of H-20 and H-23(3%), and 250ml/day of H-20 and H-23(5%). In the whole experimental periods, ruminal pH did not differ between treatments. However, the concentration of ruminal ammonia-N was increased in the 3% treatment relative to control and the 1% treatment at 1hr post-feeding(p<0.05). Avicelase and CMCase(carboxymethyl cellulase) activities in rumen fluid showed no significant difference among treatments. However, xylanase activity was higher in the 5%(119.49, xylose μmol/ml/min) than the 3% treatment(71.02, xylose μmol/ml/min) at 0 hr post-feeding(p<0.05). Concentrations of ruminal total VFA, acetate, propionate and valerate were unaffected by treatments, while butyrate was higher in the 3% treatment (24.48mM) than control(15.71mM) at 1hr post-feeding(p<0.05). Results indicate that minimum 3% inclusion of cellulolytic bacteria cultures improved ruminal fermentation, especially ammonia-N concentration and butyric acid production.
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