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효소, 생균제 및 암모니아 처리가 섬유소 박테리아 부착 및 분해 증진에 대한 한우 반추위 In vitro 발효 연구

Enhancement of Bacterial Adhesion and Degradation by Enzyme, Probiotic, and Ammonia Treatment of Rice Straw in vitro Fermentation using Hanwoo Cattle Rumen Fluid

성하균
동물생명과학연구소 (Institute of Animal Life Science)|2021.12|동물자원연구 (ANNALS OF ANIMAL RESOURCE SCIENCES)|제32권 제4호|pp. 89-100|DOI 10.12718/AARS.2021.32.4.89

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AttachmentAmmoniaProbioticsRumenEnzymesFibrolytic bacteria
주제분류축산학

초록

본 연구는 한우의 볏짚 이용성을 높이기 위하여 반추위 섬유소 분해 박테리아의 기질부착 증진을 위한 방법을 탐구하고자 실시하였다. 볏짚 기질은 효소, 생균제 및 암모니아로 미리 처리하였으며 in vitro 반추위 발효를 통한 섬유소 박테리아의 기질 부착 증진 및 섬유소 분해 향상에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하였다. 효소는 cellulase와 xylanase를 볏짚 g당 각각 40 및 120U가 되도록 혼합 분무 처리하였고, 생균제는 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 배양물을 볏짚 g당 1.0× 107CFU가 되도록 분무 처리하였으며, 암모니아는 기질의 0.3 % 수준으로 분무 처리 하였다. 효소를 처리하였을 때 in vitro 배양 6 및 12시간에 F. succinogenes은 대조구(7.26±0.03 및 8.43±0.20)에 비하여 더 높은 기질부착 군락을 형성하였고(p<0.05), R. flavefaciens도 대조구(5.18±0.06 및 6.60±0.15)에 비하여 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 그리고 R. albus도 배양 6시간에 대조구(5.94±0.15)에 비하여 유의적 증가를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 생균제를 처리하였을 때 F. succinogenes는 배양 6 및 12시간 모두 대조구에 비하여 기질부착 군락이 증가하였고(p<0.05), R. flavefaciens는 배양 6시간에서 유의적 증가를 나타내었으나(p<0.05). R. albus는 생균제 처리에 의한 영향을 받지 않았다. 그리고 암모니아를 처리 하였을 때 F. succinogenes, R. flavefaciens 및 R. albus는 배양 6 및 12시간 모두 암모니아 처리에 의하여 기질부착 군락이 증가하였다(p<0.05). 반추위 in vitro DM 소화율은 효소를 처리하였을 때 배양 6 및 12시간 모두 대조구(1.85±0.08 및 3.94±0.04)에 비하여 높았으며(p<0.05), 생균제 및 암모니아 처리에서도 무처리 볏짚에 비하여 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 따라서 이상의 연구 결과는 처리제 특성 및 섬유소 분해 박테리아 종류에 따라 섬유소 기질 부착 증진 수준에 차이를 나타내었지만, 효소, 생균제 및 암모니아 처리가 섬유소 박테리아의 부착 증진에 좋은 영향을 주었고 소화율 향상에도 크게 기여한 것으로 사료된다. 또한 이러한 기능은 효소와 암모니아 처리가 생균제 처리에 비하여 더 효율적인 것으로 사료 된다.

Abstract

This in vitro study investigated the enhancement of rumen bacterial adhesion on a substrate to increase the digestibility of rice straw in Hanwoo cattle. The rice straw was pretreated with enzymes, probiotics, or ammonia, and the effects on the enhancement of bacterial adhesion and fiber degradation were analyzed using in vitro rumen fermentation. Enzyme treatment included spraying of cellulase and xylanase at 40 and 120 U per g of rice straw, respectively; Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture of 1.0×107 CFU was sprayed as a probiotic treatment per gram of rice straw; ammonia was sprayed at 0.3% per gram of rice straw. Following enzyme treatment, Fibrobacter succinogenes formed a higher adhesion colony than the control group (7.26±0.03 and 8.43±0.20) after 6h and 12h of in vitro culture (p<0.05), respectively. Attachment of Ruminococcus flavefaciens also increased following enzyme treatment (p<0.05) after 6 and 12 h compared to that of the control (5.18±0.06 and 6.60±0.15); and R. albus attachment showed a significant increase compared to that of the control (5.94±0.15) after 6 h of incubation (p<0.05). Probiotic treatment increased attachment of F. succinogenes in comparison with untreated rice straw after 6 h and 12 h of fermentation (p<0.05); R. flavefaciens attachment showed an increase only after 6 h of culture (p<0.05); R. albus was not affected. Attachment of F. succinogenes, R. flavefaciens, and R. albus increased with ammonia treatment after 6 h and 12 h (p<0.05). Dry matter digestibility was higher after the enzyme treatment (3.45±0.21 and 7.04±0.09) than in the control group(1.85±0.08 and 3.94±0.04) after 6 and 12 h of in vitro culture (p<0.05), respectively. It was also higher than that of untreated rice straw after probiotic and ammonia treatments (p<0.05). There was an increase in the enhancement levels of bacterial adhesion depending on the type of fibrolytic bacteria following enzyme, probiotic, and ammonia treatment. These treatments improved digestibility. This enhancement is considered to be greater following enzyme and ammonia treatments than with probiotics.

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