Effect of low protein diets added with protease on growth performance, nutrient digestibility of weaned piglets and growing-finishing pigs
2
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of low protein diets added with protease on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood profiles of weaned piglets and growing-finishing pigs. A total of 96 weaned pigs ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) with average body weight (BW) of 6.99 ± 0.21 kg were used in a 20-week experiment. The dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial design. Treatments were as follows: In phase 1 (1–2 weeks), two protein levels as high protein (HP; 19.0%), low protein (LP; 17.0%), and three protease (PT) levels (PT0, 0%; PT1, 0.3%; and PT2, 0.5%); in phase 2 (3–4 weeks), protein levels (HP, 18.05%; LP, 16.15%) and protease levels (0%, 0.3%, and 0.5%); in phase 3 (5–12 weeks), protein levels (HP, 17.1%; LP, 15.3%) and protease level (0%, 0.15%, and 0.3%); in phase 4 (13–20 weeks), protein levels (HP, 16.15%; LP, 14.45%) and protease level (0%, 0.15%, and 0.3%). At 4 weeks and 20 weeks after treatment, BW was higher (p < 0.050) in the PT2 group than PT0 group. From weeks 0 to 4, average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G/F) were higher (p = 0.006 and p = 0.014; p = 0.014 and p = 0.044, respectively) in the PT2 group than PT0 and PT1 groups. From weeks 16 to 20, ADG and G/F were higher (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009; p = 0.004 and p = 0.033, respectively) in the PT2 group than PT0 and PT1 groups. Crude protein (CP) digestibility was higher (p = 0.013, p = 0.014, and p = 0.035, respectively) in the low protein (LP) group than high protein (HP) group at weeks 4, 12, and 20. At weeks 4 and 20, the LP diet group had lower (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels than the HP diet group. Therefore, a low CP diet added with protease could increase growth performance and CP digestibility of weaned piglets and growing-finishing pigs.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of low protein diets added with protease on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood profiles of weaned piglets and growing-finishing pigs. A total of 96 weaned pigs ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) with average body weight (BW) of 6.99 ± 0.21 kg were used in a 20-week experiment. The dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial design. Treatments were as follows: In phase 1 (1–2 weeks), two protein levels as high protein (HP; 19.0%), low protein (LP; 17.0%), and three protease (PT) levels (PT0, 0%; PT1, 0.3%; and PT2, 0.5%); in phase 2 (3–4 weeks), protein levels (HP, 18.05%; LP, 16.15%) and protease levels (0%, 0.3%, and 0.5%); in phase 3 (5–12 weeks), protein levels (HP, 17.1%; LP, 15.3%) and protease level (0%, 0.15%, and 0.3%); in phase 4 (13–20 weeks), protein levels (HP, 16.15%; LP, 14.45%) and protease level (0%, 0.15%, and 0.3%). At 4 weeks and 20 weeks after treatment, BW was higher (p < 0.050) in the PT2 group than PT0 group. From weeks 0 to 4, average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G/F) were higher (p = 0.006 and p = 0.014; p = 0.014 and p = 0.044, respectively) in the PT2 group than PT0 and PT1 groups. From weeks 16 to 20, ADG and G/F were higher (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009; p = 0.004 and p = 0.033, respectively) in the PT2 group than PT0 and PT1 groups. Crude protein (CP) digestibility was higher (p = 0.013, p = 0.014, and p = 0.035, respectively) in the low protein (LP) group than high protein (HP) group at weeks 4, 12, and 20. At weeks 4 and 20, the LP diet group had lower (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels than the HP diet group. Therefore, a low CP diet added with protease could increase growth performance and CP digestibility of weaned piglets and growing-finishing pigs.
참고문헌 (30)
- Jongbloed AW, "Excretion of nitrogen and some minerals by livestock", pp.22~36 (1993), EAAP Publication
- Torrallardona D, "Reduction of nitrogen excretion in pigs. Improvement of precision in nutrient requirements", Cah Opt Mediterr, 37, pp.265~274 (1999)
- Kerr BJ, "Dietary manipulation to reduce environmental impact", 9th International Symposium on Digestive Physiology in Pigs, pp.139~158 (2003)
- D. C. Kendall, "True ileal digestible tryptophan to lysine ratios in ninety- to one hundred twenty-five-kilogram barrows1", Journal of Animal Science, 85(11), pp.3004~3012 (2007), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- Chen HY, "Studies on reducing nitrogen excretion: i. net energy requirement of finishing pigs maximizing performance and carcass quality fed low crude protein diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids", J Anim Sci Biotechnol, 2, pp.84~93 (2011)
- R. S. Gómez, "Growth performance, diet apparent digestibility, and plasma metabolite concentrations of barrows fed corn-soybean meal diets or low-protein, amino acid-supplemented diets at different feeding level", Journal of Animal Science, 80(3), pp.644~653 (2002), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- Shihai Zhang, "Supplementation with branched-chain amino acids to a low-protein diet regulates intestinal expression of amino acid and peptide transporters in weanling pigs", Amino Acids, 45(5), pp.1191~1205 (2013), Springer Science and Business Media LLC[DOI]
- P. Guggenbuhl, "Effects of dietary supplementation with a protease on the apparent ileal digestibility of the weaned piglet", Journal of Animal Science, 90(suppl_4), pp.152~154 (2012), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- A.O. Adebiyi, "Metabolizable energy content of wheat distillers’ dried grains with solubles supplemented with or without a mixture of carbohydrases and protease for broilers and turkeys", Poultry Science, 94(6), pp.1270~1276 (2015), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Omogbenigun FO, "Dietary supplementation with multienzyme preparations improves nutrient utilization and growth performance in weaned pigs", J Anim Sci, 82, pp.1053~1061 (2004)[DOI]
- F. Ji, "Effects of dietary supplementation of an enzyme blend on the ileal and fecal digestibility of nutrients in growing pigs", Journal of Animal Science, 86(7), pp.1533~1543 (2008), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- Jianjun Zuo, "Effect of dietary supplementation with protease on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, digestive enzymes and gene expression of weaned piglets", Animal Nutrition, 1(4), pp.276~282 (2015), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- National Research Council, "Nutrient requirement of pigs" (2012), The National Academy Press
- Association of Official Analytical Chemists International, "Official method of analysis of AOAC International" (1995), AOAC International
- C. H. Williams, "The determination of chromic oxide in faeces samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry", The Journal of Agricultural Science, 59(3), pp.381~385 (1962), Cambridge University Press (CUP)[DOI]
- Kay RM, "The performance of growing and finishing pigs offered diets formulated to reduce nitrogen excretion", Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science (1996)
- Reyna L, "Addition of protease to standard diet or low protein, amino acid-supplemented, sorghum-soybean meal diets for growing-finishing pigs", J Anim Vet Adv, 5, pp.1202~1208 (2006)
- Yumei Zhao, "Effect of different dietary protein levels and amino acids supplementation patterns on growth performance, carcass characteristics and nitrogen excretion in growing-finishing pigs", Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 10(1), pp.75~ (2019), Springer Science and Business Media LLC[DOI]
- 박상우, "Dietary protease improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs", 한국축산학회지, 62(1), pp.21~30 (2020), 한국축산학회[DOI]
- MS Hedemann, "Variations in enzyme activity in stomach and pancreatic tissue and digesta in piglets around weaning", Archives of Animal Nutrition, 58(1), pp.47~59 (2004), Informa UK Limited[DOI]
- J. Choe, "Effect of protease on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs", South African Journal of Animal Science, 47(5), pp.697~703 (2017), African Journals Online (AJOL)[DOI]
- J. K. Jo, "Effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation to corn- and soybean meal-based or complex diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood metabolites in growing pigs1", Journal of Animal Science, 90(9), pp.3041~3048 (2012), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- Ganapathi R. Murugesan, "Effects of protease, phytase and a Bacillus sp. Direct-fed microbial on nutrient and energy digestibility, ileal brush border digestive enzyme activity and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentration in broiler chickens", PLoS ONE, 9(7), pp.e101888~ (2014), Public Library of Science (PLoS)[DOI]
- C.J. O'Shea, "The effect of protease and xylanase enzymes on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and manure odour in grower–finisher pigs", Animal Feed Science and Technology, 189, pp.88~97 (2014), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- L. Pan, "Coated compound proteases improve nitrogen utilization by decreasing manure nitrogen output for growing pigs fed sorghum soybean meal-based diets", Animal Feed Science and Technology, 230, pp.136~142 (2017), Elsevier BV[DOI]
- Le Bellego L, "Effects of dietary crude protein level and meal frequency on energy utilization in growing pigs", Cah Opt Mediterr, 16, pp.78~80 (2002)
- H Y Chen, "The effect of excess protein on growth performance and protein metabolism of finishing barrows and gilts", Journal of Animal Science, 77(12), pp.3238~3247 (1999), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- K. Y. Whang, "Effects of protein deprivation on subsequent growth performance, gain of body components, and protein requirements in growing pigs", Journal of Animal Science, 81(3), pp.705~716 (2003), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- R. A. Kohn, "Using blood urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen excretion and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, pigs, and rats", Journal of Animal Science, 83(4), pp.879~889 (2005), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
- J Coma, "Relationship of rate of lean tissue growth and other factors to concentration of urea in plasma of pigs", Journal of Animal Science, 73(12), pp.3649~3656 (1995), Oxford University Press (OUP)[DOI]
