李德懋의 士小節 「童規」篇을 통한 敎育方法 硏究

Abstract

This study aims to review traditional education of children through 「Manners of Children童規」part among 『Paragraphs for A Learned Gentleman士小節』 written by Lee Duk Mu李德懋 and lead home education and children increasingly getting worse to desirable standard, letting it be a foundation to bring up children. A-Jung雅亭 said about the motive of his book 『士小節』 like this: I intend to teach and guide children through lessons from ancestors, getting children to see and think over what people actually did. But this is not for correcting wrong practice and teaching people, but only for establishing the standard of oneself and one’s home. So 雅亭 aimed at cultivating one’s morals and ruling the family, as he pointed out. His intention is that true human being depends on preserving manners. He says, if children only memorize letters without understanding them, they will not only understand the meaning of the phrase, but not know even a word correctly later. So he emphasizes on the teaching of letters for educational aim of learning the right meaning of writings. While educators make children keep their acquired manners from their earlier ages and be ready for dignity which is required in traditional society, they are supposed to teach manners in everyday life, not to have habitual bad practice, admitting the plasticity of children. Children are not subjects who passively receive what their teachers teach, instead they should observe and recognize them precisely by thoughts with active and participant attitude. As too much teaching cannot have a good effect on children, an educator is required to teach accurately them fundamental and important things. More effective teaching is to teach as much as children can digest enough, not accessively, according to their capacities. It’s important that they make a rule about how often and when children read writings for right learning habit. Continual learning is also important because the previous learning is likely to be in vain if a learner does not study for even a day. When children do not follow what they have learned, punishment will be available. It is based on bringing up a learned gentleman, through it children’s thoughtless and laziness can be corrected. This traditional education method for children will be helpful to rebuild getting useless home education, lead children to desirable standards, and bring them up as moderate and magnificent personalities.