음향을 이용한 하동 해역에 출현하는 상괭이(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) 의 출현 모니터링 연구
A Studies on the Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Finless Porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis around Hadong
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This study investigated the bio-monitoring of finless porpoises Neophocaena asiaeorientalis in Hadong, Gyeongsangnam- do, South Korea and the impact of underwater noise on their vocalization and behavior. The research conducted visual surveys and Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) to analyze the species' activity in coastal waters. The results showed that noise from fish farm machinery and vessels, while not directly harmful measured SPLPeak at 125–141 dB re μPa, affects their communication and feeding behavior. Normally, porpoises reduce their inter-click intervals (ICI) when approaching prey, but in noisy environments, the ICI increased to an average of 212–228 ms, making prey location more difficult. In both surveys, the ICI distribution showed a peak in the 5–55 ms range, followed by a decrease and a slight increase in the 300–400 ms range. The study also observed that porpoises are more active during sunrise and sunset, with click activity peaking between 05:00-10:00 and 13:00–19:00, and being highly responsive to ambient noise levels. While the noise did not exceed NOAA's threshold for auditory damage (202 dB re μPa SPLPeak), it still interfered with the porpoises' echolocation precision.
Abstract
This study investigated the bio-monitoring of finless porpoises Neophocaena asiaeorientalis in Hadong, Gyeongsangnam- do, South Korea and the impact of underwater noise on their vocalization and behavior. The research conducted visual surveys and Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) to analyze the species' activity in coastal waters. The results showed that noise from fish farm machinery and vessels, while not directly harmful measured SPLPeak at 125–141 dB re μPa, affects their communication and feeding behavior. Normally, porpoises reduce their inter-click intervals (ICI) when approaching prey, but in noisy environments, the ICI increased to an average of 212–228 ms, making prey location more difficult. In both surveys, the ICI distribution showed a peak in the 5–55 ms range, followed by a decrease and a slight increase in the 300–400 ms range. The study also observed that porpoises are more active during sunrise and sunset, with click activity peaking between 05:00-10:00 and 13:00–19:00, and being highly responsive to ambient noise levels. While the noise did not exceed NOAA's threshold for auditory damage (202 dB re μPa SPLPeak), it still interfered with the porpoises' echolocation precision.