수동 음향 모니터링 기법을 이용한 성대(Chelidonichthys kumu) 생물음 특성 연구
Examining Acoustic Characteristics of Bluefin Gurnard Chelidonichthys kumu Sounds with Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM)
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초록
Recent advances in passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) have substantially improved our ability to investigate ocean soundscapes, enabling the non-invasive detection of biological sounds. Among marine organisms, fish are key contributors to the biophony of ocean soundscapes as they produce sounds associated with feeding, reproduction, and social interactions. In this study, we examined the acoustic signature of the bluefin gurnard Chelidonichthys kumu based on continuous recordings obtained from a sea cage in the Korean coastal ocean. The grunt sounds had a mean signal duration of 89.8 ms and contained approximately 24.2 pulses, which were regularly spaced with mean interpulse intervals of approximately 3.3 ms. They had a mean peak frequency near 308.4 Hz, often accompanied by distinct harmonic structures and a downward frequency modulation. The signal energy was concentrated within 100- 1,000 Hz frequency band, which is consistent with the harmonic structures typical of many fish species. The grunt signals also had high sound pressure levels, with mean peak-to-peak values of 160.6 dB re 1 μPa. These results provided baseline data for estimating the spatiotemporal distribution of bluefin gurnards and interpreting their seasonal activity patterns using PAM.
Abstract
Recent advances in passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) have substantially improved our ability to investigate ocean soundscapes, enabling the non-invasive detection of biological sounds. Among marine organisms, fish are key contributors to the biophony of ocean soundscapes as they produce sounds associated with feeding, reproduction, and social interactions. In this study, we examined the acoustic signature of the bluefin gurnard Chelidonichthys kumu based on continuous recordings obtained from a sea cage in the Korean coastal ocean. The grunt sounds had a mean signal duration of 89.8 ms and contained approximately 24.2 pulses, which were regularly spaced with mean interpulse intervals of approximately 3.3 ms. They had a mean peak frequency near 308.4 Hz, often accompanied by distinct harmonic structures and a downward frequency modulation. The signal energy was concentrated within 100- 1,000 Hz frequency band, which is consistent with the harmonic structures typical of many fish species. The grunt signals also had high sound pressure levels, with mean peak-to-peak values of 160.6 dB re 1 μPa. These results provided baseline data for estimating the spatiotemporal distribution of bluefin gurnards and interpreting their seasonal activity patterns using PAM.