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어휘 계층화(Lexical Stratification)에 따른 중국어 차용어의 범위에 대한 고찰
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本文概況了漢語借詞的曆史, 從詞彙分層的角度, 通過對漢語詞彙內部借詞的分布認識, 對於漢語借詞的範圍進行了理論上的考察。換而言之, 在漢語具有外來性質的詞彙中, 有三種詞彙層次, 即日本漢字詞、意譯詞和字母詞, 在它們是否屬於借詞的問題上存在爭論。本文以”Core-periphery structure”爲基礎對該問題進行了研究。漢字詞彙空間中屬於最爲核心的固有詞彙層次是指概念在中國出現, 並在中國形成的詞語。這一層次符合漢字認識模式, 構成詞彙的漢字各有意思, 並且其意思是整個詞彙意思的構成部分, 其各自的意思和詞彙構造是漢語所固有的 。在漢語詞彙空間中, 日本漢字詞和意譯詞因爲離固有核心詞彙層次很近, 所以對於它們是否是借詞存在爭議。但是因爲這兩類詞都不是處在詞彙層次的中心, 因此將之視爲借詞比較妥當。英語字母和漢字混合詞屬於離核心較遠的邊遠詞彙層次。有證據表明由漢語拼音縮寫構成的英文字母詞位於最邊遠的層次, 因此將之視爲借詞比較妥當。但是英文單詞和其縮略形在漢語詞彙空間裏沒有分布, 因此不屬於漢語借詞, 而是外語詞。希望今後能夠在對漢語借詞正確認識的基礎上進行進一步的深入研究。
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