음식 섭취 횟수와 대사증후군의 관련성
The Association Between Eating Frequency and Metabolic Syndrome
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연구배경: 대사증후군은 제2형 당뇨병, 심혈관 질환의 발생 및 사망과 밀접한 연관이 있어 예방이 필수적이다. 기존 연구에서 음식섭취횟수는 혈중 콜레스테롤 및 당 대사, 비만에 영향을 준다고 보고되었다. 하루 총 섭취열량을 보정하였을 때 음식섭취횟수가 증가할수록 대사증후군의 위험도가 감소할 것이라는 가설 하에 음식섭취횟수와 대사증후군의 관련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2005년 시행된 제3기 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 20세 이상 성인을 대상으로 하였다. 다중로지스틱회귀분석을 이용하여 나이, 성별, 신체 활동, 흡연, 음주, 하루 총 섭취 열량으로 보정하고 음식섭취횟수, 간식횟수, 식사횟수와 대사증후군 위험도의 관련성을 확인하였다. 결과: 20-45세 군에서는 식사횟수가 대사증후군의 위험도와 유의한 관련이 있었으며(P=0.011), 46세 이상 군에서는 음식섭취횟수가 대사증후군의 위험도와 유의한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다(P=0.025). 46세 이상이면서 식사횟수가 1-2회인 경우에는 간식횟수가 대사증후군 여부와 유의하게 관련이 있었다(P=0.038). 결론: 이번 연구만으로 음식섭취횟수와 대사증후군의 인과관계를 명확히 확인할 수는 없지만, 이번 연구의 결과는 음식섭취횟수 감소가 대사증후군의 위험과 관련될 수 있음을 암시한다. 대사증후군에 대한 음식섭취횟수의 영향을 밝히기 위해 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Many studies have revealed that eating frequency influences the total serum cholesterol level, glucose tolerance and obesity. Hypothesizing that an increase in eating frequency decreases the prevalence of metabolic syndrome with total energy intake adjusted, we evaluated the association between eating frequency and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Koreans aged more than 20 years old. Methods: We used the data from the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and the Asia-Pacific regional obesity guidelines. To examine the association of metabolic syndrome with eating frequency, snack frequency and meal frequency, we performed multiple logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, physical activity, daily caloric intake, smoking and drinking. Results: Meal frequency was associated with metabolic syndrome in the 20-45 years group (P=0.011). Eating frequency was significantly related with metabolic syndrome in the group aged more than 45 years (P=0.025). Within the subgroup of subjects more than 45 years who had one or two meals a day, snack frequency showed a significant association with metabolic syndrome (P=0.038). Conclusions: These results suggest that a decreased eating frequency is associated with a risk of metabolic syndrome, although the causal relationship is not exactly known. It would be useful to pursue this question through further studies.
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