지각운동기능중심의 특수체육활동이 발달장애유아의 대근운동기술에 미치는 영향과 운동발달 단계별 특성

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify the effect of perceptual - motor function as adapted physical activity on gross motor skills in preschool children with development disorder and provide effective data on the education and rehabilitation through analyses on the characteristics by motor development stages. Participants included 20children with developmental disorder at the age of 4-7 years, who were attending kindergartens or child-care centers located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. For instrumentation, 12 items of TGMD II (6 items from each locomotion and object manipulation domain) were selected. For the analysis on the characteristics of each motor development stage, video footage (3 times) by 3 special physical education professionals and observations records were utilized. The perpetual-motor function as adapted physical activities, which was judged to be suitable for preschool children with development disorder through expert consultation, and preliminary experiments for 12months were performed 60 minutes, 24 times per week. To see the pre and post results of gross-motor skills, a series of paired t-test was carried out for statistical analyses, and a critical value of ɑ = .05 was established. Based on the motor development stages suggested by Gallahue and Ozmun(2002), the characteristics of each motor development stage in children with development disorder were analyzed through observation records and video footage by adapted physical activity professionals. The research results obtained through these data collection and analysis process were as follows. First, participation in perceptual-motor function as adapted physical activity on gross motor skills in preschool children with development disorder had a positive effect on locomotive movement skills, a kind of gross motor skills, and showed significant difference statistically(p<.001). It turned out that there was significant difference in such 6 sub-factors of locomotive movement skills, as running(p<.001),galloping(p<.001), hopping (p<.001), leaping(p<.001), horizontal Jump (p<.001) and sliding(p<.001). In addition,the characteristics of each motor development stage were observed in 6 areas of locomotive movement skills in children with development disorder. Second, participation in perceptual-motor function as adapted physical activity on gross motor skills in preschool children with development disorder had a positive effect on object manipulation motion skills, a kind of gross motor skills, and showed significant difference (p<.001) statistically. It turned out that there was significant difference in such 6 sub-factors of object manipulation motion skill as two-hand strike(p<.01),stationary bounce(p<.05), catching(p<.001), kicking(p<.001), overhand throw(p<.001) and underhand roll(p<.001). In addition, the characteristics of motor development stages were observed in 6 areas of object manipulation motion skills of children with development disorder.