금융이해력 자기과신의 추정과 판별
An Empirical Estimation and Discrimination of Financial Literacy Overconfidence
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이 연구의 목적은 우리나라에서 연령대별로 자기 과도확신으로서의 금융이해력 자기과신의 정도는 어떠한가, 금 융이해력 자기과신에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변인은 무엇인가를 실증적으로 분석하고, 금융이해력 자기과신 여부의 판별 기능을 행할 수 있는 실용적인 판별 모형과 판별 기준을 탐색하는 것이다. 자기 과도확신으로서의 금융이해력 자기과신 여부는 응답자가 틀리게 알고 있는 금융 지식 내용을 자신이 옳게 알고 있다고 확신하는 경우로 조작적으 로 정의하였다. 서열 로지스틱 모형의 추정 결과, 연령이 높을수록, 여성보다 남성에서, 객관적 금융이해력 수준이 낮을수록, 자 신의 금융이해력에 대해 남보다 뛰어나다고 자기 평가할수록, 자신의 재무적 태도에 대해 긍정적이라고 자기 평가 할수록, 주식투자 경험이 있을수록, 가족과의 재무적 대화 빈도가 높을수록 금융이해력에 대한 자기과신이 강한 것 으로 나타났다. 금융이해력 자기과신 점수를 순차적 경계를 기준으로 이항 분류하였다. 이항 분류된 자료를 사용하여 이항 로지 스틱 모형에 대한 추정을 통해 금융이해력 자기과신 여부에 대한 최적의 판별 기준을 탐색적으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 금융이해력 자기과신자를 자기과신 성향이 강하게 나타나는 경우로 좁게 설정하는 것보다 자기과신 성향이 약하게 나타나는 경우에서부터 시작하여 폭 넓게 정의하는 것이 자기과신 판별의 현실 적용성 면에서 더 바람직한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 금융이해력 자기과신에 적합한 금융교육 모형을 개발하는 것이 필요하다.
Abstract
This paper empirically analyzes financial literacy overconfidence(more accurately, overprecision) of Korean people and try to find out a best practical binary logistic model as a discriminant which should correctly classify a person as financially literally overconfident or not. A respondent is operationally defined to be overconfident in financial literacy if the respondent is sure that he or she knows a right answer even though his or her answer being wrong. The empirical results from an ordered logistic estimation and an OLS estimation show that a respondent is more overconfident when he or she is older, male rather than female, less literate in objective financial literacy, more literate in subjective financial literacy, more positively self-reporting his or her financial attitude, and when he or she has an experience of stock investing and self-reporting more financial talks at home. The paper converted each respondent’s score of financial literacy overconfidence to binary one based on sequential boundary scores to search for a practically best binary logistic discriminant model. When some binary logistic models were tested turn by turn to assess which of them best classifies ‘overconfident’ as ‘overconfident’ and ‘not overconfident’ as ‘not overconfident,’ it is found that the more rigorously a binary logistic model classifies a respondent as ‘not overconfident’, the empirically better discriminant one it turns. Though even the best estimated discriminant model does not attain satisfactorily significant correct classification ratios, which may not be serious if the marginal cost is smaller for educating a person to reduce risk of his/her financial literacy overconfidence and if the harm is smaller for educating a person incorrectly classified as ‘overconfident.’ It is necessary to develop a financial education model suitable for overconfidence in financial literacy.
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