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Z세대와 밀레니얼 세대 소비자의 호기심과 소속욕구가 레트로 제품 선호도에 미치는 영향: 자아확장의 매개효과를 중심으로

The Influence of Z Generation and Millennial Generation Consumer’s Curiosity and The Need to Belong on Retro Product Preference: Focusing on Mediating Effect of Self-Expansion

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초록

최근, 젊은 소비자들이 과거 콘텐츠를 재해석하여 새로운 이미지를 창출하는 ‘뉴트로’ 현상은 개성표현을 중시하는 밀레니얼 세대와 Z세대의 소비자들에게 특히 인기를 얻고 있다. 이들은 자신의 고유한 개성표현과 독립성을 중요하게 여기나, 그와 동시에 소셜 미디어에서 학습한 문화를 타인과 공유함으로써 소속감을 충족시키려는 욕구가 강하다. 또한 이들에게 레트로 제품, 콘텐츠는 이전에 느껴보지 못한 이색적인 자극으로 받아들여질 수 있기 때문에 이러한 제품의 소비는 흥미로운 제품, 콘텐츠에 대한 정보를 타인과 공유할 기회가 될 수 있다. 게다가 이들은 자신에게 새로운 레트로 콘텐츠, 제품을 소비함으로써 자아정체성을 확장시킬 수 있으므로 본 연구는 외부 자극으로 인해 유발된 호기심과 개인의 특성인 소속욕구가 젊은 소비자들의 레트로 제품 선호도에 미치는 영향을 구체적으로 살펴보고, 이러한 효과가 발생하는 메커니즘을 규명하기 위해 자아확장의 매개역할을 실증 분석하였다. 본 연구는 레트로 제품에 대한 선호도를 제품태도와 선택 비율로 확인하였으며, 연구 결과의 타당성을 높이기 위해 다양한 제품군의 자극물을 사용해 실험을 진행하였다. 분석 결과 소속욕구가 높은 경우, 호기심 수준이 높아진 소비자가 그렇지 않은 소비자보다 레트로 제품 선호도가 더 높게 나타났다. 반면, 소속욕구가 낮은 경우, 호기심에 따른 레트로 제품태도 간 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 또한 이러한 결과는 제품 선택 상황에서도 동일하게 나타났으며 호기심과 소속욕구의 상호작용이 레트로 제품 선호도에 미치는 영향은 자아확장에 의해 매개되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 과거 유행했던 제품, 콘텐츠에 대한 젊은 소비자들의 선호도를 살펴보고 원인을 규명하기 위해 진행되었다. 구체적으로 개인의 호기심과 소속욕구의 영향을 포괄적으로 살펴봄으로써 MZ세대 소비자들에게 인기를 끌고 있는 레트로 제품 구매 현상을 설명할 수 있는 이론적 근거를 제시하였다. 또한 연구의 결과를 토대로 향후 젊은 소비자들을 타겟으로 레트로 제품 및 콘텐츠를 제작하는 기업에게 유용한 실무적 지침을 제공한다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Abstract

Recently, the “Newtro” phenomenon, in which young consumers create new images by reinterpreting past contents, has become especially popular for consumers of millennials and generation Z. They value an expression of their unique personality and individuality, but at the same time, they have a strong desire to gratify the need to belong by sharing the culture they have learned from social media. In addition, retro products and contents can be accepted by young consumers as unusual stimuli that they have never felt before. Thus, consumption of these products can be an opportunity to share information about interesting products and contents with others. Furthermore, consumers can expand their self-identity by consuming retro products. Therefore, this study focused on verifying the effect of young consumer’s curiosity and the need to belong on preference of retro products. In addition, to identify the mechanism by which these effects occur, we investigated the mediating role of self-expansion. This study examined the preference for retro products as a product attitude and choice, and to enhance the vailidity of the findings, we conducted experiments using stimuli from various product types. The results showed that when consumers have a high need to belong, retro product preference was higher for consumers with high level of curiosity than those who with low level of curiosity. However, when consumers have a low need to belong, there was no significant difference in retro product preference between consumers with high and low level of curiosity. In addition, we verified that the interaction effect of curiosity and the need to belong on retro product preference is mediated by self-expansion. This study was conducted to identify young consumers' preferences for products and content that were popular in the past and to determine the cause. Specifically, by comprehensively examining the impact of individual curiosity and desire to belong, we provide a theoretical baseline for explaining the phenomenon of Newtro being popular with consumers of millennials and generation Z. In addition, the results of this research can provide practical guidelines for companies which sell retro products and contents.

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