공유경제 서비스에 기반한 소비자의 협력소비 경험
Consumers’ Experiences of Collaborative Consumption Based on Sharing Economy Service
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 공유경제서비스 플랫폼을 통한 협력소비 경험의 본질과 의미를 이해하기 위한 것이다. 현상학적 질적연구방법을 사용하여 아동의류 온라인 공유경제 서비스를 이용하는 서울과 경기도에 거주하는 11명의 소비자들을 대상으로 개별 심층면접을 실시하였다. 연구분석의 결과 총 9개의 범주와 20개의 주제를 도출하였다. 범주화는 ‘내가 찾던 서비스’, ‘합리적 구매의 효용’, ‘보물찾기와 보물 기다리기’, ‘높은 기업신뢰’, ‘이해와 불만사이’, ‘효율적인 자원사용’, ‘온라인에서 오가는 정’, ‘현명한 소비자이자 부모’, ‘소유에서 사용으로’가 추출되었다. 협력소비의 경험을 포괄하는 본질은 “경제적구매의 합리와 자원순환의 윤리를 충족시키는 실속과 관계와 재미가 있는 만족감”으로 규정하였다. 참여자들은 아동의류 공유소비의 필요성에 대해 평소에 인식하고 있었다. 무엇보다 경제적 측면에 대해 만족하였으며 좋은 제품이 등록되기를 기대하였다. 공유기업에 대한 높은 신뢰를 가지고 거래를 하고 있었으며 기업가치에 대하여 동조하는 경향을 보였다. 이용하면서 다소 불만을 경험하거나 기업에 대한 아쉬움과 바램이 있었으나 기업측의 입장을 이해하고자 하였다. 구매뿐만 아니라 작아진 옷의 처분에도 의미를 두고 있어 자원순환과 환경적인 측면에서 바람직하다고 인식하였다. 온라인상의 커뮤니티를 통하여 소통과 공감을 하며 공유소비를 하는 자신에 대해 긍정적인 자아정체감을 형성하고 있었다. 다양한 협력소비경험이 있었으며 가치소비를 하며 소유보다는 사용이나 경험소비에 더 중요성을 두는 경향을 보였다. 또한 아동의류 공유서비스 이용이 공유경제에 대한 인식이 높아지는 계기가 되었음을 발견할 수 있었다. 따라서 온라인에 기반한 공유와 협력소비는 진화하는 소비양식으로서 과소유의 소비문화에 대안과 함의를 제공한다고 본다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 기업, 정부, 소비자측면에게 주는 시사점을 도출하였다.
Abstract
This research is to understand the nature and meaning of the consumers' experiences of collaborative through the platform of the sharing economy service. Through a methodology of phenomenological qualitative research, individual in-depth interviews were made with eleven consumers who utilize online sharing service of kids clothing and reside in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. From analyzing the interviews, nine categories and twenty themes were extracted. The categories of experiences of collaborative consumption can be summarized as ‘service l am looking for’, ‘utility of rational consumption’, ‘looking and waiting for treasures’, ‘high trust toward the company’, ‘in between understanding and complaint’, ‘efficient use of resources’, ‘affection by interacting on online platform’, ‘wise parent as well as savvy consumer’, and ‘from ownership to access’. The nature of these experiences of collaborative consumption can be defined as “satisfaction that meets both rationality of economic purchase and ethics of resource recycling, combined with social relationship and personal enjoyment”. Participants demonstrated the needs for collaborative consumption of kids clothing in their everyday lives. First and foremost, they were satisfied with the financial benefits and expected good items to come out. Also, they made their transactions with the high trust toward the sharing company, this showed the trend that participants expressed their agreements with the company's value. While using the service, they expressed some complaints, desires, and disappointments toward the company, but they were willing to ultimately be able to understand the company's position. In addition to purchasing the clothing, they sold the clothing which didn't fit their kids any longer. So they exhibited collaborative consumption as desirable from the environmental perspective. They built a social relationship by interacting with other people via the online community, and also demonstrated a positive awareness of their self-identity as collaborative consumer. Participants experienced various collaborative consumption, prioritized value-based consumption, found meaning in experiential consumption, and valued access rather than ownership. Collaborative consumption of kids clothing created an opportunity to raise awareness of sharing economy. Therefore, online-based collaborative consumption provided some alternative and implicit meaning to a consumer culture of over-possession as an evolving consumption pattern. Finally, through the findings in this study, the implications in the aspects of corporation, government, and consumer were established.
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