불량고객에 대한 기업의 대응이 다른 고객의 기업 태도에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Firms’ Responses to other Customers’ Dysfunctional Behaviors on Customers’ Attitude Toward Firms
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최근 일부 불량고객들로 인한 폐해가 증가하면서 한편으론 이를 지켜보는 대다수 소비자들의 피로감 역시 상당한 편이다. 반면 학계 연구에서는 주로 고객불량행동의 동기와 종업원이나 기업에 미치는 부정적 영향에 대해 논의해왔고 서비스를 직, 간접적으로 함께 경험하는 다른 고객들의 관점에 대한 연구는 매우 미흡한 편이라 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 이론적으로는 과거 불량행동을 행하는 고객이나 이에 대응하는 기업 관점에서 주로 연구되었던 논의를 확장하여 불가피하게 해당 사건을 직, 간접적으로 경험하게 되는 다른 고객의 관점에서 연구를 진행하였다. 시나리오 기법을 통해 불량고객에 대한 기업의 대응 수준을 달리 하여 기업이 단호하게 대응하거나 혹은 미온적으로 대응할 때 이를 지켜보는 다른 고객의 기업에 대한 신뢰와 호감도가 어떻게 달라지는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이 과정에서 기업의 규모에 따른 조절효과를 살펴보았고, 소비자의 공정한 세상에 대한 믿음이 선행변수와 결과변수 사이에서 매개역할을 하는지를 검증함으로서 기존의 고객불량행동 연구를 보다 체계적으로 확장하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 소비자들은 기업이 불량고객에 대해 단호한 대응을 할 때 기업에 대한 신뢰와 호감도가 높게 나타났으며, 기업 규모가 클 수록 작은 규모의 기업에 비해 적극적인 대처를 해주기를 기대하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이 과정에서 소비자의 공정한 세상에 대한 믿음이 중요한 심리적 매개역할을 한다는 것을 실증분석을 통해 검증하였다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 학술적, 실무적 시사점을 논의하였고, 연구의 한계점과 향후 연구의 방향을 제시하였다.
Abstract
While previous studies have examined the negative effects of customer dysfunctional behaviors on service employees and firms, the effect on other customers who experience dysfunctional customers directly or indirectly has been rarely studied. This study proposed that the level of firms' response to other customers' dysfunctional behaviors lead to different customers' attitude toward firms through scenario-based experiments. The results show that customers expect and prefer firms respond more robustly to dysfunctional customers. This tendency is higher in assessing relatively bigger companies. Also the mediation effect of the just world belief in the relationship between the level of firms' response to other customers dysfunctional behaviors and customers' attitude toward firms was demonstrated. Therefore, the authors suggest that proper response of firms to dysfunctional customers may have an important role in managing customer service experience.
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