이웃과 거래하는 사람들: 지역기반 중고거래에 대한 질적연구
People Trading with Neighbors: Qualitative Research on Local-based C2C Second-hand Transactions
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초록
본 연구는 일반적인 중고거래와는 다른, 지역을 기반으로 한 중고거래만의 독특한 소비행동을 조명하기 위하여두 가지 형식의 참여관찰과 심층면담을 시행하였으며, 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지역기반 중고거래는일반 중고거래에 비해 ‘거래 상대에 대한 높은 신뢰’로 인해서 진입장벽이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 소비자들은 자신과거래할 상대가 같은 지역의 주민이라는 정보만으로도 심리적으로 가깝게 느끼며, 이는 범죄와 사기에 대한 걱정을줄여준다. 또한, 소비자에게 익숙하고 가까운 동네에서 거래를 한다는 점에서 편리하다고 느끼는 점도 진입장벽을낮추는 데 기여하고 있었다. 둘째, 지역기반 중고거래에서는 ‘이웃 간의 따뜻한 상호작용’이 자주 관찰되었다. 이들은 거래 과정에서 상대에 대한 친밀감을 기반으로 조금 더 저렴한 가격에 물건을 판매하거나, 값을 지불한 물건 외에 간식을 비롯한 작은 선물을 준비하는 등 ‘덤’을 주며 상대를 배려하는 것이 발견되었다. 물건을 필요로 하는 상대에게 값을 받지 않고 나눠주는 ‘무료나눔’ 또한 하나의 거래 문화로 자리 잡고 있었다. 셋째, 지역기반 중고거래는‘지역 커뮤니티로서의 확장 가능성’을 가진 것으로 나타났다. 소비자들 서로가 같은 동네 이웃이라는 점에서, 중고거래 외에 함께 밥을 먹거나 운동할 ‘동네 친구’를 구하기도 했으며, 관심사를 적극적으로 공유하기도 했다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 지역기반 중고거래 현상에서의 ‘이웃효과’(Neighborhood effect)와 소비자들이자신의 지역에 대해 느끼는 ‘장소에 대한 감각’(Sense of Place)을 확인하였으며, ‘동네’라는 지역적 소속감에 기반하여 서로를 ‘이웃’이라는 친근한 존재로 인식하는 상호작용을 포착함으로써 지역기반 중고거래의 역할이 실제 커뮤니티로도 그 역할을 확장할 수 있다는 가능성을 제시하였다. 또한, 중고거래에서의 중요한 동기로서 선행연구들이제안한 중고 물품 자체에 대한 향수, 중고 물품의 희소성, 경제적 합리성 등 거래와 직접 관련된 가치들이나 거래과정에서의 재미, 환경의식 등 외에도 ‘이웃으로서의 거래 상대와의 관계 형성을 바탕으로 한 유대감과 친밀감’도 지역기반 중고거래에서의 중요한 거래 동기가 될 수 있음을 밝혔다.
Abstract
This study aims to illuminate unique consumer behaviors specific to local-based second-hand transactions, distinct from general second-hand transactions. Two forms of participant observation and in-depth interviews were conducted. First, local-based second-hand transactions exhibited lower entry barriers than general second-hand transactions, attributed to “high trust in the trading partner.” Consumers felt a psychological closeness with trading partners residing in the same area, alleviating concerns about crime and fraud. Additionally, the perceived convenience of trading in a familiar and nearby neighborhood also contributed to lowering entry barriers. Second, “warm interactions among neighbors,” such as offering slightly lower prices or additional “extras” like snacks or small gifts based on trading partner familiarity, were frequently observed in local-based second-hand transactions. The practice of ‘free sharing,’ giving items to those in need without receiving payment, also emerged as a part of the trading culture. Third, local- based second-hand transactions could potentially contribute to developing an “expandable local community.” Participants, recognizing each other as neighbors, not only engaged in second-hand transactions but also sought “neighbor friends” to actively share common interests. Based on these findings, the study identified the “neighborhood effect” and “sense of place” in local-based second-hand transactions, capturing interactions where individuals perceive each other as friendly neighbors based on a sense of local belonging. The role of these transactions could extend to actual communities by leveraging the sense of belonging to a neighborhood, emphasizing the potential for interactions to expand beyond transactions. Moreover, the study highlighted “affection and familiarity based on relationships with trading partners as neighbors” as an important motive in second-hand transactions, beyond values directly related to transactions, such as nostalgia for used items, scarcity of used items, economic rationality, and fun in the transaction process, as well as environmental awareness.
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